DAIRY FARMING DAIRYING. 



491 



roots, straw , bran, and oil cakes in varying- amounts were fed in addi- 

 tion in all cases, according- to the feeding practice on each farm. 



The butter produced by the different lots was scored independently, 

 when a couple of days old, by 3 expert judges, and again 14 days after 

 the first scoring. In the tables published only comparative scores are 

 given, viz, the number of points above or below that of the lot with 

 which comparisons were made (normal). The total score for perfect 

 butter was 15. The milk, butter, and butter fat produced and the 

 feeding stuffs fed were analyzed. The average scoring of the butter 

 above or below the normal (n) was as follows: 



Jli'8nlt8 of feeding different rations for butter. 



Rations fed 



Grain vs. suntlowercake (4 experiments) 



Grain 



Grain and sunflower-seed cake (1:1) 



Sunflower-seed cake 



©Tain c.s. rape-seed cake and rape seed 

 (3 experiments) : 



Grain 



Grain and rape-seed cake (1:1) 



Rape seed 



Rape-seed cake vs. sunflower-seed cake 

 (1 experiment) : 



Common rape seed cake 



Pure rape-seed cake 



Sunflower -seed rake 



drain vs. pure rape-seed cake and rape 

 seed (2 experiments) : 



Grain 



Pure rape seed cake 



Rape seed 



The sunflower-seed cake caused an appreciable improvement in the 

 quality of the butter, but not in its keeping properties, while rape- 

 seed cake and rape seed to a still greater degree improved both quality 

 and keeping property. The value of the different kinds of concen- 

 trated feed was found to decrease in the following order with respect 

 to effect on the fine quality of the butter: Rape seed, pure rape-seed 

 cake, suntlower-seed cake, common rape-seed cake, cereals (barley and 

 oats mixed). In these experiments 2 to 4 lbs. of grain were replaced 

 by an equivalent amount of oil cake, or by one tenth of rape seed, the 

 balance of the rations fed being the same for all animals in the experi- 

 ments. The butter from the grain-fed lots was firm, in cold weather 

 even hard, while that from the lots fed oil cake was soft, with a tend- 

 ency to be too soft. The feeding of oil cakes should therefore be 

 comparatively light in spring when the weather turns warm. 



The comparison of turnips and maugel-wurzels showed a slight dif- 

 ference in favor of the latter. There was practically no difference in 

 the scorings of the butter produced on the grain-molasses feed experi- 

 ments. The molasses feed showed a tendency to make a firm butter 

 without in any way lowering its quality. 

 10078— No. 5 7 



