BOTANY. 525 



marked reduction in the amount of proteids, fat, and carbohydrates 

 after the flowering and leafing of the trees. 



Physiological observations on lecithin, T. Hanai (Imp. Univ. Col. 

 Agr. | Tokyo] Bui., vol. :'. Xo. 7, pp. 503-506). — Examinations were made 

 of tea leaves and of the bark from branches of Prunus cerasus, from 

 which it appears that lecithin is a reserve material in these plants and 

 it is used up iu the spring. 



Investigations on the mulberry tree, ><. Maeno (Imp. Univ. Col. 

 Ayr. [Tokyo \ Bui., vol. 2, No. 7, pp. 494-499). — The effect of a special 

 manure on the quality of mulberry leaves and the amount of reserve 

 material in the bark of the roots and branches of the tree are reported 

 upon. It is claimed that manuring a tree 1J meters high with 500 gin. 

 of lime, 400 gm. of sodium nitrate, and 200 gin. of calcium sulphate 

 greatly improved the quality of the leaves which were to be fed to 

 silkworms. 



In the second part of the experiments specimens of roots were col- 

 lected January 25 and analyzed, and comparisons made with similar 

 material taken 3 months later. There was a decided decrease in 

 proteids and nonuitrogenous extract and an increase in starch in the 

 later specimens. 



In the ease of branches taken for analysis before and after leafing 

 there was a decrease of proteids, fat, lecithin, and total carbohydrates 

 following the development of the leaves. 



On the presence and localization in certain pomaceous seeds 

 of the principles producing cyanhydric acid, M. L. Lutz (Bot. Gaz., 

 24 (1897), Xo. J, pp. 54-56). — The action in the presence of water of two 

 substances, known to exist in the seeds of certain of the Aniygdalaceae, 

 emulsin, a ferment, and amygdalin, a glucosid, results in the formation 

 of cyanhydric acid. As a result of the author's investigations he found 

 amygdalin and emulsin existing together in the seeds of Malus communis, 

 Gydonia vulgaris, G.japonica, Sorbus aucwparia, and 8. aria. They do 

 not occur together in Pyrus communis, Crataegus oxyacantha, G. azarolus, 

 and Mespilus germanica. 



Emulsin is localized by means of Millon's reagent and was found in 

 numerous cells scattered throughout the cotyledons, especially in the 

 vicinity of the woody bundles, Avhose endodermis also contained it. 



It is stated that the glucosid, amygdalin, occurs in the cotyledons, 

 hypocotyl, plumule, and root, but iu such small quantity to be difficult 

 to determine. 



Germination does not chauge the localization of these two substances. 



The flora of the Southern United States. A. W. Chapman (Cambridge, Mass.: 

 The Cambridge Hot. Supply Co., 1897, 3. ed., pp. 655). 



Some new Uredinea?, P. Dietel i Hedwigia, 36 [18'J7), Xo. ■',. pp. -JQ7-299).— Nine 

 new species are described of which the following are American : Dromyces albus, 

 Puccinia chelonis, ]'. densa, P. anlirrhini, and /'. syndowiana. 



A new species of Eurotium aspergillus, K. Meissxek (Hot. Ztg., 55 (1897), II, 

 So. .?.', pp. 337-344, figs. 10). 



