FORESTRY. 651 



Experiments with lawn grasses, B. D. Halsted (New Jersey Stas. Bpt. 1896, pp. 

 400, 401, fig. 1). — A report is given of a limited trial of meadow fescue, five leaved 

 fescue (Festuca tenuifolia), sheep's fescue, Rhode Island bent, wood meadow grass, 

 Kentucky blue grass, rough stalked meadow grass, redtop, and rye grass. All plats 

 were treated alike and all seed gave a comparatively good stand except the second 

 and third varieties. 



Orchid culture (Amer. Florist, 13 (1897), No. 499, pp. 521, 522). 



The Horticultural School in Rentglingen and horticulture in southern Ger- 

 many, H. Misvaer (Norsk Havctidende, 13 (1897), No. 2, pp. 17-33). 



Europe's largest horticultural school, L. Spath (Sv. TradgardsfiJr. Tidskr., 1897, 

 Nos. 2, pp. 19-24; 3, pp. 40-44). 



FORESTRY. 



Age of trees and time of blazing determined by annual rings, 

 B. E. Fernow ( U. 8. Dept. Agr., Division of Forestry Girc. 16, jyp- 1:L i 

 figs. 12). — The author discusses the growth of trees and the method of 

 deposition of annual rings, and points out some of the sources of error 

 in estimating the age of trees by counting the annual rings. 



To find how many years have elapsed since a cut was made it is 

 necessary to have a cross section or part of a cross section of a stem 

 that embraces a radius of the trunk near the wound, then the number 

 of rings may be counted from bark to pith, and the particular ring lead- 

 ing to the edge of the wound may be traced from the wound to the 

 radius along which the counting is done. This method is generally 

 correct to within about half a year, but at times may result in an error 

 of a whole year. 



Notes on cultivated conifers, XIII, C. S. Sargent (Gard. and Forest, 10 (1897), 

 No. 514, pp. 509-512). — Notes are given on various species of Abies. 



The geographic distribution of deciduous and coniferous trees, Graner (Jah- 

 resheft. Ver. Naturkunde IViirttemberg, 53 (1897), pp. 142-179; abs. in Bot. Centbl., 72 

 (1897), No. 9, pp. 305-308). 



Contributions to the knowledge of North American conifers, E. Bastin and 

 H. Trimble (Amer. Jour. Fharm., 69 (1897), No. 7). — Treats of Tsuga mertensiana 

 and T. caroliniana. 



The old field pine in New Jersey, A. Hollick (Forester, 3 (1897), 'No. 1?, p. 136). — 

 Notes the occurrence of Pinus tceda in New Jersey. 



On the southern range of Lawson's cypress, J. B. Davy (Erythea,5 (1897), No. 9, 

 p. 99). — Notes are given on the southern range of Chanuecyparis latvsoniana. 



The Shasta fir, F. V. Coville (Gard. and Forest, 10 (1897), No. 514, pp. 516,517).— 

 Notes are given on Abies shastensis and allied species. 



The weeping silver fir, A. D. Webster (Gard. Chron., 3. ser., 22 (1897), No. 567, 

 p. 324). 



Foreign evergreens adapted to Swedish parks, C. J. Rossander (K. Landt. 

 Akad. Handl. Tidskr., 36 (1897), No. 3, pp. 144-162). 



Evergreens in Alnarp park (Sweden), F. Ulriksen (K. Landt. Akad. Handl. 

 Tidskr., 36 (1897), No. 3, pp. 163-187). 



Sequoia gigantea, G. Mackinlay (Gard. Chron., 3. ser., 22 (1897), No. 570, p. 379, 

 fig. 1).- -Illustrated notes are given of a sequoia tree that has been planted for 51 

 years in a park. The height of the tree at the time of writing was 74 ft. 3 in. and 

 the circumference at ground level was 21 ft. 3 in. 



The fruit of Sequoia, C. S. Sargent (Gard. and Forest, 10 (1897), No. 514, p. 514, 

 fig. 1). — The fruifc of Sequoia wellingtonia, formerly S. gigantea, ripens in 2 years, while 

 that of S. sempervireiis ripens in 1 year. 



