HORTICULTURE. 751 



nursery rows. The place of union of stock and scion in all cases was 

 about 3 in. below the surface of the soil. 



The percentage of loss was great, owing to the very unfavorable 

 spring and to the grafts having been stored in a cellar which was too 

 warm. The loss with the whole root grafts was least and increased as 

 the length of root diminished. At the end of the first year 81.6 per 

 cent of the whole root grafts were living, 48.5 per cent of the 5 in., 17.2 

 per cent of the 2£ in., 11 per cent of the small 2£ in., and G per cent of 

 the 1^ in. piece root grafts. At the end of the third season measure- 

 ments were made of the height of the trees and the diameter of the 

 trunk 1 ft. above the ground. The data obtained are given in tabular 

 form. The greatest growth was made iu trees grafted on the longest 

 stocks and the growth declined gradually though slightly with the 

 shorter stocks, being about 11 per cent greater with the whole root 

 than with the 1^ iu. piece root grafts. The trees also showed a tendency 

 to make the best growth from the longest scions, the growth being 11 

 per cent greater with the 24 in. scions than with the 6 in. ones. There 

 was no constant difference in growth between the trees grafted above 

 the crown and those grafted ludow it. 



In 1894 the above experiment was repeated in part with Winesap, 

 Ben Davis, and Missouri Pippin apples, using G, 12, and 24 in. scions 

 on whole root, and 5 in. piece root stocks grafted both above and below 

 the crown. Tables are given showing the data obtained from the 

 measurements of the diameter and height of trees grown from the 

 various kinds of grafts. After 2 years' growth there was no constant 

 difference between trees grafted above the crown and those grafted 

 below, either as regards height or diameter. The length of the stocks 

 and scions had a marked influence on the growth, the difference iu 

 favor of the long stocks and long scions being practically constant in 

 all cases. The height of 2-year-old trees grafted on whole roots 

 averaged 4.81 ft., and on 5 in. stocks 3.96 ft. The diameter of the 

 former was 0.48 in. and of the latter 0.368 in. The average height of 

 trees from 24 in. scions was 4.79 ft.; from 12 in., 4.37 ft.; and from 6 

 in. scions, 3.98 ft. ; and the diameters were 0.52 in., 0.411 in., and 0.388 in. 

 respectively. From measurements made after 3 years' growth, the 

 authors conclude that the differences due to length of either stock or 

 scion are greater in the first and second years than in the third, the 

 average diameters of 3 trees from 24, 12, and 6 in. scions being 0.788, 

 0.741, and 0.737 in. respectively. 



In 1895 grafts were made with 12 and 6 in. scions on whole roots, 5 in. 

 roots, and 2i iu. roots grafted above and below the crown. In addi- 

 tion a stock grafted above the crown and with roots cut 8 in. long was 

 tested. A table shows the measurements of trees at 2 years old. No 

 constant differences were obtained in favor of either length or style of 

 stock or of grafting either above or bel'ow the crown. The trees from 

 12 in. scions were invariably greater in height and diameter than those 

 from 6 in. scions. 



