094 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



"After the disease appears something can be accomplished by separating the herd 

 into small bunches kept some distance apart, by cremating the dead, and by disin- 

 fecting the yards and pens by the free use of lime or crude carbolic acid. If the 

 farm is restocked with swine, new yards should be provided. . . . 



"If every swine raiser would remember the main facts, viz, that the disease is 

 communicable, occurring only as the result of the presence of the cholera or swine 

 plague germ; that the sick or exposed ho£ is the usual carrier of the virus, that the 

 disease is incurable, and should then do the best he can to exercise the necessary 

 precautions to prevent disease reaching his premises, the great annual loss would 

 be very greatly reduced." 



Diseases of sheep observed in Iowa, W. B. IS'iles (Ioiva Sta. Bui. 

 35, pp. 781-819, Jigs. 10). — The location of diseased flocks in the State 

 was determined by means of a circular letter addressed to persons 

 engaged in the sheep industry. Most of the diseases observed were 

 found to be largely due to parasites. The author describes more or less 

 in detail in a popular manner, giving appropriate remedies, the follow- 

 ing: The sheep tick (Melophagus ovinus), the scab mite (Psoroirtes com- 

 munis), which seems not to be widespread and at present confined to a 

 few farms; the sheep gadfly or bot fly ((Estrus oris), the stomach worm 

 (Strongylus contortus), which in 1890 caused more loss than all other 

 sheep affections combined and seems to be rapidly becoming more 

 widely disseminated over the State; (E 'so phage stoma Columbian urn, 

 which is very common in Iowa; Taenia ccenurus; T. expansa, which is 

 very prevalent in Iowa; Trichocephalus affinis, which is somewhat com- 

 mon; lung worms; foot rot; actinomycosis; infectious abortion, and 

 louping ill. 



Diseases supposed to be the louping ill were reported, but careful 

 consideration leads the author to believe that there was a mistake in 

 identification and that louping ill does not occur in the State. 



Cases of poisoning from rape-seed cakes, B. Bano ( UgesJcr. 

 Landm., 43 (1897), Fos. 44, pp. 589-591; 15, pp. 004, 005).— About 20 cows 

 of a herd of 77 head were made sick by feeding a lot of French rape-seed 

 cake, and 9 died. Two cows fed experimentally with 3 and 4 lbs., respec- 

 tively, of the meal soaked in water had colic and died within 12 hours. 

 The effect was attributed to the presence of large quantities of mustard 

 oil in the oil cake, 0.50 per cent being found. A similar poisoning case 

 is on record from Belgium. Fed in small quantities, not to exceed 2 lbs. 

 per head daily, the cake did not seem to produce any injurious effect. — 

 F. w. WOLL, 



Animal parasites of Nebraska, H. B. Ward (Nebraska State Bd. 

 Agr. Rpt. 1890, pp. 173-189, figs. 1:2). — Statistical studies of Nebraska 

 parasites (pp. 173-180). — Twenty dogs and an equal number of cats 

 were examined and the former found to be parasitized to the extent of 

 75 per cent. Of these 15 per cent were infected with 1 species, 10 per 

 cent with 2, and 20 per cent with 3. Twenty per cent were only slightly 

 and 20 per cent were badly infected. The species of parasites found 

 and the number of animals infected by them were Taenia marginata, 1; 



