1034 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



cloudiness, wind movement, and casual phenomena are reported in 

 tables. The principal data for the year are as follows: 



Temperature (degrees F.). — Maximum, 9.~>, September 18; minimum, — 2, February 

 21; mean, 55.9; absolute range, 52; mean daily range, 17.2. Atmospheric pressure 

 (inches).— Higbest, 29.58, December 24; lowest, 28.21, February 21; mean, 29.03. 

 Precipitation (inches), 43.29; number of days on which 1 in. or more of rain fell, 13. 

 Clear days, 63; cloudy or partly cloudy days, 303. Wind. — Prevailing direction SW. 



Measurement of the coefficient of viscosity of the air, C. Fabry and A. Perot 

 (Ann. Chim. et Phys., 7. ser., 13 {1898), Feb., pp. ..'75-2SS, figs. 2). 



The measurement of the coefficient of diffusion of aqueous vapor in the 

 atmosphere and of the friction coefficient of aqueous vapor, F. Houdaillk (Ann. 

 ficole Nat. Agr. Montpellier, 9(1895- 96), pp. 35-1 26, figs. D, charts 3). — This is atechuical 

 paper describing in detail the methods and results of determinations of these 

 coefficients. The coefficient of diffusion of aqueous vapor at 0° found by direct 

 measurement was D = 0.203; the coefficient of friction of air ?/„ =0.000186, of aqueous 

 vapor ?/ o =0.0000975. 



Description of a maximum anemometer, F. Houdaille ( Ann. Ecole Nat. Agr. 

 Montpellier, 9, (1S95-96), pp. 5-16, figs. 3). — The instrument is described and tests of 

 it are reported. 



Meteorological observations on the Atlantic Ocean, Prince of Monaco. 

 (Compt. Bend. Acad. Sci. Paris, 126 (1898), No. 5, pp. 373-375). 



Meteorological observations, 1896-97, W. P>. Anvoou (Virginia Sia. Ept. 1897, 

 pp. 7, 8). — Tables give monthly summaries of observations on temperature, precipi- 

 tation, direction of wind, and cloudiness for the period from July 1, 1896, to June 

 30, 1897; and, for comparative purposes, monthly summaries of observations on tem- 

 perature and precipitation for live years ( L893-'97). The mean temperature forthe 

 period from July 1, 1896, to June 30, 1897, was 51.56 F., the total rainfall 42.32 iu. 

 The mean temperature for the five-year period was 51.7° F., the mean rainfall 

 36.18 in. 



Meteorological and agricultural notes, J. B. Chabaneix (Ann. E-cole Nat. Agr. 

 Montpellier, 9 (1895-96), pp. 127-140). — This is a record of observations during the 

 period from December. 1891, to December, 1895, on temperature of the air (maximum, 

 minimum, and average), and of the soil (at the surface and at a depth of 0.25 meter), 

 rainfall, evaporation, humidity, direction of wind, cloudiness, frosts, and thunder- 

 storms, with general notes on the character of the season and its influence upon the 

 growth of crops. 



On the character of seasons and of successive years, 1'. Garrigotj-Lagrange 

 (Compt. Bend. Acad. Sci. Paris, 126 ( 1898), No. 11, pp. 829-831). 



Climatology as distinguished from meteorology, M. Whitney (Science, n.ser., 

 7 (1898), No. 161, pp. 113-115). — Climatology is defined as "the relation between the 

 meteorological elements as measured by the development of the plant." The gen- 

 eral relation of the principal elements may be expressed by the equation 



/Temperature X wind velocity\ _„. „ , 



Sunshine I ,, • ,-. \, i ■ i — I— constant condition ot pant growth, 



\ Humidity X sou moisture. / re 



or in still more general terms 



(t) (v) 



(1) if) (s) p ,, ■. — -T—, — r =k, conditions favorable for the vegetative period. 



(2) '/• (s) ,, , ^=k', conditions favorable for the ripening or fruiting period. 



In these equations s=intensity of sunshine, t= temperature, v= velocity of the 

 wind, h = relative humidity, and w =soil moisture. 



Three of the elements being constant, it should be possible to determine the 



