DAIRY FARMING DAIRYING. 



1081 



Ground grain vs. whole grain for chicks and capons, F. IT. Hall (.Yew York State 

 Sta.Jiui.lS6, popular ed., pp. 5, pis. S). — This is a popular summary of Bulletin 126 

 of the station (see p. 1076). 



Profitable poultry farming, J. H. Sutcliffe {London, 1897, pp. 128, ill.). 



DAIRY FARMING— DAIRYING. 



Feeding dairy cows, C. D. Smith (Michigan Sta. Bid. 149, pp. 67- 

 119, Jigs. 2). — This bulletin consists of a popular discussion of the prin- 

 ciples of feeding, calculations of rations, etc., with remarks on experi- 

 ments in feeding the station herd. A record has been kept of the yields 

 and amounts of the different kinds of feeding stuffs fed to the individual 

 cows. While the general character of the ration was calculated before- 

 hand, the quantity of both coarse fodder and of grain to be fed to the 

 individual cows "was left entirely to the judgment of the man who fed 

 the cows and who adjusted the quantity to the milk and the condition 

 of the bowels." The coarse fodder consisted principally of silage, with 

 some clover hay, cornstalks, millet hay, roots, etc. The grain consisted 

 of various mixtures of corn, oats, bran, linseed meal, cotton-seed meal, 

 gluten meal, and occasionally other by-products. 



Analyses are given of the feeding stuffs mentioned, and of oat and 

 pea silage, millet silage, Kafir corn silage, sorghum silage, lathyrus 

 silage, lathyrus in full bloom, dried pasture grass, common millet seed, 

 Hungarian seed, sorghum, and beans. The record of the cows for 3 

 winters is summarized, showing the amounts of the different kinds of 

 food eaten per 1,000 lbs. live weight, the digestible food ingredients 

 contained in the same, and the amount of butter fat produced per day. 

 The cows are considered in 3 groups, i. e., smaller cows, from 800 to 

 nearly 1,200 lbs. in weight; larger cows, from 1,200 to 1,000 lbs., and 

 cows nearly dry. The averages for each group of cows are summarized 

 below: 



Food eaten and fat produced per 1,000 pounds live weight daily. 



These averages are " presented as a standard ration for Michigan con- 

 ditions. . . . The nutritive ratio of the standard ration suggested for 

 the thousand-pound cows is 1:7.1, that of the larger cows 1:7.21, and 

 that of the cows in the very latest months of the period of lactation is 

 much wider, being 1:8.53." 



The method of applying this standard in practice is discussed, and 

 illustrations are given from the records of the cows to show that a 



