94 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



remained largely pastoral and undeveloped on account of the limited amount and 

 irregularity of the rainfall. It is maintained that rivers and torrents should be 

 declared publi*- domain, as has been done in Italy, and reservoirs for the storage of 

 their waters should be built by the State, a part of the profits of the mines being 

 utilize<l for that purpose, and the State being reimbursed by water rentals. 



Recent developments in Punjab irrigation, S. Preston {Jour. Soc. Artu, 50 

 {100:2), No. 2584, pp. 602-G16,JJfjs. 2). 



Farmers' weirs, S. Fortier {Montana Sta. Bxd. 34, pp. 29, figs. f>). — A popular 

 description of the construction and use of various devices (weirs) for measuring 

 irrigation water, with tables for calculating the results in miners' int-hes. 



Agricultural machines at the Paris Exposition, 1900, Albert and Schiller 

 {Aril. Devt. Lainlir. (If sell., 1901, Xo. 65, pp. 59, figs. 104). — A brief general discussion. 



Second report on the highways of Maryland, H. F. Reid and A. N. Johnson 

 {Mart/land (leol. Surrey, 4 {1902), pp. 95-201, pis. (!, figs. 2). — This report includes an 

 account of operations during 1900-1901, laboratory work, special road imj)rovement, 

 summary of road expenditures in different counties of the State, contract and speci- 

 fications for two roads, and report of the Baltimore County roads engineer. 



Horse and cattle barns built in 1901, E. G. Schollander {NorUt Dakota Sta. 

 apt. 1901, ]>]). 92-9S, figs. 5). — These barns are frame structures 2 stories high, stand- 

 ing on brick foundations. The main i)art of the horse barn is 45 ft. wide and 106 

 ft. long, with a small wing 10 ft. long and 45 ft. wide on the west side, and on the east 

 a wing 36 ft. wide and 100 ft. long, whicdi forms the horse stable proper. The first 

 floor of the main structure contains a stock-judging njom, harness and carriage 

 rooms, etc. The west wing contains an office and a workshoj). The east wing is 

 equipped with stalls, racks, etc. The second floor of the main building contains 

 attendants' rooms, feed rooms, etc. The main part of the cattle barn is 135 by 37 ft. 

 "It holds two rows of stock facing the center, with a 5-ft. feed passage through the 

 middle. The feed passage connects with the silo, which allows the ensilage to be 

 thrown into a small truck and drawn through the passage way between the mangers 

 as it is fed to the stock. On the east is a projection 10 ft. long l)y 32 ft. wide, con- 

 taining an office, a stair footing, and a milk room. On the west is a large wing 50 ft. 

 long by 37 ft. wide, with two rows of box stalls of different sizes, stairs, watering 

 trough, and closets. The building has 16-ft. studding throughout." The stalls used 

 are of the Bidwell pattern and are of different sizes. The second floor has feed 

 bins, attendant's room, and haymows. 



The silo, which is separate from the barn, "is round in form and is 24 ft. in diame- 

 ter, inside measurement. The wall is made of brick, 28 ft. high and 20 in. tliick, 

 with a dead-air space in the center of it. The fioor and wall are cemented with the 

 best grade of cement. A dormer window in the silo roof serves as an intake for 

 green corn or other material with which the i)it is filled. A second dormer window 

 on the opposite side of the roof furnishes light." 



Hay and sheaf sheds, R. Henderson ( Trans. Highland and Agr. Soc. Scothmd, 5. 

 scr., 14 ( 19(12), jip. 105-147, figs. 40). — The construction and advantages of such sheds 

 are discussed. 



Compacting effect of plow teams upon the furrow, J. H. Shepperd {Proc. Soc. 

 Prom. Agr. Sci. 1901, pp. 113, 114)- — Observations with a platform scale in a barn 

 floor showed that a horse weighing about 1,350 lbs. in walking exerted a pressure of 

 about 640 lbs. with the hind foot and 700 lbs. with the front foot. The average sur- 

 face of the feet of the horse was about 31 stj. in., the length of stride 34 in. It is 

 estimated that the stride in pulling a plow would probably be two-thirds of this dis- 

 tance. On this basis it is estimated that if no portion of the ground is stepped upon 

 a second tmie "the entire surface would l)e pressed in 5 times plowing." 



Comparative experiments in cooling refrigerator cars by means of ice or 

 ammonia, V. Storch and H. P. Lunde {50. Rpt. Kgi. Vet. Landbohojskoles Lab. Land- 

 bkon., Forsbg [^Copenhagen], 1901, pp. 56'). 



