FIELD CROPS. 131 



iinplovved stubble land were practically the same. In a fertilizer test the best results 

 were obtained from an application of 200 lbs. of nitrate of soda per acre, one-half 

 being applied when the grain was 2 in. high and the rest when it was 6 in. high. 

 The results from selected and unselected seed varied greatly among the different 

 varieties, but on an average the unselected seed produced 9 lbs. more per acre than 

 the selected seed. 



At the Northwest Territories farm Preston produced the largest yield. Here a 

 comparative test of selected (hand-picked), well-cleaned, and small seed resulted in 

 favor of the well-cleaned seed. In a fertilizer test the best yields were obtained from 

 200 lbs. of muriate of potash per acre on 1 plat and the use of 200 lbs. of super- 

 phosphate, 100 lbs. of muriate of potash, and 100 lbs. of nitrate of soda on another. 

 Both plats yielded at the rate of 65 bu. and 20 lbs. per acre. The results from dif- 

 ferent methods of soil preparation showed that wheat grown in a rotation test pro- 

 duced the heaviest yield. 



At the British Columbia farm sowing 2^ and 3 bu. of seed per acre produced the 

 most grain, but it was found that thick sowing weakened the straw and shortened 

 the heads. In this experiment the grain on the thickly sown plats lodged. 



Oafo'. — In a field test of a number of varieties on the Manitoba and Northwest Ter- 

 ritories farms Abundance headed the list in yield. At the latter place selected, well- 

 cleaned, and small seed yielded 130 bu. and 20 lbs., 122 bu. and 12 lbs., and 120 

 bu. and 20 lbs. per acre, respectively. In general, better yields were obtained on 

 fallow than on prairie sod turned back with the plow. In the fertilizer test at the 

 British Columbia farm an application of 200 lbs. of superphosphate and 100 lbs. each 

 of muriate of potash and nitrate of soda per acre produced the heaviest yield. Tlie 

 use of 3 bu. of seed per acre proved most economical. At Ottawa sowing at the rate 

 of 2 to 3 bu. per acre gave the largest crops on either sandy or clay loam soils. 



Barley. — The yield from selected seed on the Manitoba farm was 1 bu. and 32 lbs. 

 per acre more than the yield from unselected seed. The variety Beaver stood first, 

 with a yield of 55 bu. and 15 lbs. per acre. In British Columbia the results from 

 using different quantities of seed were in favor of sowing 3 bu. per acre. At Ottawa 

 2-2 to 3^ bu. of seed per acre gave the best yields on either sandy or clay loam soils. 



Pe((». — At the Manitoba farm a mixture of 2 bu. of peas and 2 pks. of oats per 

 acre yielded 57 bu. and 20 lbs., as compared with 46 bu. and 20 lbs. from a mixture 

 of 2 bu. of peas and 1 pk. of oats. In sowing i)eas alone 2 and 2h bu. of seed per 

 acre gave a yield of 33 bu. and 40 lbs., and 3 bu. of seed a yield of 32 bu. and 20 lbs. 

 At the British Columbia farm yields ranging from 90 bu. and 40 lbs. to 106 bu. and 

 20 l)js. per acre were obtained on soil whicli had received 200 lbs. of nitrate of soda 

 the year before. 



Corn. — The results of an exjDeriment in drilling corn in rows 21, 28, 35, and 42 in. 

 apart in the Maritime Provinces were in favor of the 28-in. rows, while in Manitoba, 

 the Northwest Territories, and British Columbia the 21-in. rows gave the heaviest 

 average crops. Si)ecial fertilizer experiments in Maritime Provinces resulted in the 

 best returns from 20 tons of green manure, the yield being 225 tons per acre, and the 

 next best from applications of 30 tons of manure, and of 15 tons of manure with 250 

 lbs. of commercial fertilizers, the yield being ISi tons per acre in each case. 



Roots. — At Ottawa turnips, mangels, carrots, and sugar beets were sown on JMay 

 8 and 22 and harvested on October 14 and 28. For turnips and mangels the advan- 

 tage was with the earlier sowing and the later harvesting. The results obtained with 

 carrots and sugar beets show that early sowing increased the crop, but the late har- 

 vesting gave a smaller yield than the early harvesting. In the Maritime Provinces 

 15 tons of manure and 250 lbs. of commercial fertilizers per acre gave the best yield. 

 Manure was much more effective on the root crops than commercial fertilizers. 



Analyses of sugar beets from the Northwest Territories, Manitoba, and Prince 

 Edward Island are reported, samples from the Northwest Territories indicating an 

 excellent quality. 



