FIELD CROPS. 133 



a green manure for oats increased the yield of grain nearly 10 per cent and the yield 

 of straw over 35 per cent. In the case of corn the clover plats gave an increase of 40 

 per cent in yield of green fodder, and with potatoes the increase in yield was more 

 than 8 per cent. Among different applications of fertilizers, 400 lbs. of Thomas slag 

 per acre was most effective on clover and also produced the largest yield of hay from 

 awnless brome grass. Special fertilizer experiments have been in progress at Ottawa 

 for 12 years with 21 different applications, including barnyard manure and commer- 

 cial fertilizers. The crojjs grown in this connection are wheat, oats, barley, corn, 

 mangels, and turnips. The results for the season and the average results for the 

 entire period are shown in tables. It was found in these experiments that fresh 

 Ijarnyard manure has an equal crop-producing power to rotted manure. It has been 

 shown that fresh manure loses al)Out 60 per cent of its weight while rotting. These 

 experiments further indicate that untreated mineral phosphate and sulphate of iron 

 are of no value as fertilizers. Common salt proved a valuable fertilizer for barley, 

 ])ut was much less effective when ai)plied to spring wheat and oats. Gypsum was of 

 some value as a fertilizer for barley but of very little service for wheat or oats. 



The yields of clover and alfalfa from 2 and 4 cuttings were compared, and the 

 composition of the different cuttings determined. Four cuttings of clover produced 

 258 lbs. of dry matter or 104 lbs. of crude protein more per acre than 2 cuttings. 

 The difference in weight of crop per acre was 2,065 lbs. In the case of alfalfa 4 cut- 

 tings produced 61 lbs. more of crude protein per acre than 2 cuttings, but the weight 

 of dry matter per acre was in favor of 2 cuttings by 48 lbs. The difference in weight 

 of crop per acre was 1,210 lbs. in favor of 4 cuttings. 



Analyses of clover, clover silage, corn, and corn silage are given, the silage being 

 taken from different parts of the silo. The results with clover "point to a greater 

 degree of fermentation ami consequently greater loss of feeding elements in the 

 center than at the bottom of the silo. Weight for weight, this silage is not of an 

 equal feeding value with clover. ' ' 



In rotation experiments in Manitoba now in progress for 3 years, it was found that 

 annual leguminous crops were a more effective green manure than red clover. 



The itemized cost of growing oats, barley, peas, clover hay, corn, mangels, turnips, 

 carrots, sugar beets, rape, and pumpkins, and of making clover silage is reported. 



Cooperative experiments in agriculture {Ontario Agi\ and Expt. Union Rpt. 

 190], j)p. 9~:,'4). — This report on the cooperative experimental work of the Agricul- 

 tural and Experimental Union of Ontario was presented at the twenty-third annual 

 meeting of the organization. The results with grain, root, and forage crops for 1901 

 are shown in brief tabular statements, and the results for several years for each par- 

 ticular crop are briefly considered. In addition to the report a discussion on the 

 work of the members is given. The varieties giving the best yields in 1901 were 

 Siberian oats, Manshury barley. Black Hulless barley. Goose wheat, Japanese buck- 

 wheat. Early Britain peas. Early Yellow soy bean. North Star Yellow Dent corn, 

 and Dawson Golden Chaff winter wheat. 



Report of the agriculturists, AV. P. Brooks and H. M. Thomson {Massachusetls 

 Sla. Pqtt. 1901, pp. 1 1-56) .—This report presents the results for 1901 of fertilizer, soil, 

 and variety tests, with different field and garden crops, in progress for a series of 

 years. (E. S. R., 13, p. 332). 



In the comparison of barnyard manure, nitrate of soda, dried blood, and sulphate 

 of ammonia as sources of nitrogen, soy beans were grown in 1901, the yields obtained 

 ranking the different fertilizers in the order mentioned. The average results since 

 1890, with a variety of crops, place them in the following order: Nitrate of soda, 

 barnyard manure, sulphate of ammonia, and dried blood. 



Common red clover. Mammoth red clover, alsike clover, and cabbage were grown 

 this season in the muriate and high-grade sulphate of potash tests. The best yields 

 of hay were with the sulphate, and the average results for several years also favor 



