152 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



are shown. The methods of seeding and planting the different varieties of trees are 

 described, and different kinds of trees are recommended for the different conditions 

 of soil, exposure, etc. The kinds of trees recommended for planting are white pine, 

 chestnut, elm, hickory, basswood, ash, maple, white oak, cedar, and black walnut. 

 The value of mixed iilantations is shown, and the necessity for trimming and thinning 

 pointed out. 



Experiments in tree planting on Sable Island, W. Saunders ( Canada Expt. 

 Fartns Rjits. 1901, pp. 6^-77, pi. 1). — Sable Island, which lies off the coast of Nova 

 Scotia* is about 21 miles long and about a mile across. The island formerly was 

 much larger in extent but being of a sandy nature is gradually l)eing washed away 

 by the action of the winds and waves. There are no trees found on it and the grad- 

 ual wasting away of the island has led to the consideration of the possibility of estab- 

 lishing tree growth there and thus fixing the soil. In 190U the author was requested 

 to investigate the subject of foresting this island, and taking advantage of his presence 

 in Europe, visits were made to a number of regions in France where forest operations 

 had been conducted in sandy land. As a result of his investigations, a selei'tion of 

 trees and shrubs, which were thought to be adapted to the purpose, was ma<le, and 

 81,345 plants, representing 25 varieties of evergreens and 79 of deciduous trees and 

 shrubs, were secured and sent to the island. The planting operations were conducted 

 in the summer of 1901, the details of which are given. At the end of the season a 

 report was made on the condition of the trees and seedlings, from which it appears 

 that a protracted drought killed many of the weaker plants and the high winds, 

 which occurred toward the end of September, caused the leaves on many of the 

 deciduous trees to wilt and appear as though scorched by fire. All the evergreens, 

 Avith the exception of the white pine, seemed to have done quite well. The experi- 

 ment thus far has covered too brief a period to permit the forming of a very definite 

 opinion as to the ultimate success of tree planting on Sal)le Island. 



Forest belts, ^X. T. Macoun {Canada Expt. Fanm Tipts. 1901, pp. 127-13fi).—The 

 forest planting at the Central Experimental Farm has l)een made in belts along the 

 northern and western boundaries, that on the western boundary being 165 ft. wide 

 and the northern 65 ft., the total length being a little less than 2 miles. The total 

 number of trees i:)lanted is 23,300. The plantings were made to gain information 

 regarding the growth of the best timber trees when grown on different kinds of soil 

 and at different distances. The first trees have been planted 13 years, and the results 

 obtained warrant the extensive planting of timber trees under similar conditions. 

 The best results were obtaine<l where the trees were planted 5 ft. apart each way. 

 Such trees have clean trunks and will produce the best timber. A table is given in 

 which the average height and diameter of the different varieties of trees are stated, 

 together with the growth during the season covered l)y the report. Black walnut, 

 butternut, white elm, and Norway spruce have not made satisfactory growth owing 

 to the unsuitability of the soil and other causes. Notes are given on the plantings 

 that have been made in the arboretum and botanic gardens. There are now living 

 in the arboretum more than 4,200 specimens of trees and shrulis which have been 

 obtained from many sources. 



Notes on the arboretum, S. A. Bedford [Canada Expt. Farms Rpts. 1901, pp. 

 43S-44'2). — A report IS given of the arboretum maintained at the Manitoba branch 

 station. No additions were made during the season covered l)y the report, but notes 

 are given on the hardiness of trees and shrubs previously planted. 



Trees and shrubs, A. Mackay {Canada Expt. Farms Rpts. 1901, pp. 493-498). — 

 The condition of the trees and shrubs which had been planted at the substation in 

 the Northwest Territories is said to be very satisfactory. During the past 12 years the 

 demand for trees and shrubs from the experimental farm has been much greater 

 than the supply, and the demand has steadily increased, especially from the southern 

 portion of the Territories. Notes arc given of a list of species and varieties under 

 test, in which their relative hardiness is shown. 



