ENTOMOLOGY. 165 



foriiia, and in the (Tiilf States. It is ])erhapH the most injurious species of carrot 

 insect in this country. The knowledge of the hfe history of the insect is still incom- 

 plete. Some larval injury has heen noted, hut the larva? frequently feed on humus, 

 manure, and decomposing roots. The species is single brooded. One species of 

 l)ird, chuck-will's-widow, is reported as feeding on the beetles in the adult stage. 

 The best remedy for this insect consists in the use of lantern traps and scattering 

 lime through infested fields. 



Tlie bed army worm [Luphygma exifjva) (pp. 37-46). — This species is evidently of 

 foreign origin, and has gradually spread from California eastward into the eastern 

 portion of Colorado on the Atlantic side of the Continental Divide. It was first 

 reported as injurious by C. P. (Tillette, in Colorado, and has sul)sequently been noted 

 as quite injurious in that State. Sugar beet is its favorite food plant, but the insect 

 also feeds upon lamb's quarters, pigweed, corn, potato, peas, onions, etc. The cater- 

 pillar is sometimes parasitized l)y Frontina archippivora. The best methods of fighting 

 this insect are by means of Paris green and kerosene emulsion. Brief notes are given 

 on garden wel)worms (pp. 46-49). The species considered are Loxostege ximilalis, 

 L. silcticalin, and IleUula undalw. 



The rid tiuniip heefle [Entomoscelis adonidis) (pp. 49-53). — This species is said to be 

 common to North America, Europe, and Asia, and to be generally distributed over 

 these countries. The eggs are usually laid in the autumn and the species hibernates 

 in the egg stage. The red turnip beetle may be destroyed by the remedies which 

 are commonly used against Colorado potato beetle. 



The cross-striped cabbage worm {Pionea 7'imos(dw) (pp. 54-59). — This species agrees 

 very closely in its life history with the imported cabbage butterfly. A number of 

 j>a"asitic insects of the genus Apanteles have been bred from it. The best remedy is 

 ]ierhaps Paris green applied dry or as a spray. Other remedies ma}^ be tried, such 

 a« bran mash, kerosene emulsion, pyrethrum, mechanical methods, clean cultivation, 

 trap crops, and spraying with water. 



The cabbage looper {Plusla brassicie) (pp. 60-69). — This species usually feeds on Cru- 

 el fene, but also attacks asparagus, clover, and various greenhouse plants. It is para- 

 sitized by 1 or 2 species of insects, and is preyed upon by black and white spiders. 

 A number of larv?e were found apparently suffering from a bacterial disease which 

 was not determined. A fungus disease {Botrytis rileyi) sometimes causes the death 

 of the larvcC. The artificial remedies may be the same as those recommended for 

 cross-striped cabbage worm. A new adtbage looper [P. precationis) (pp. 69-72), was 

 observed attacking cabbage and other garden plants in the District of Columbia in 

 1900. The moth is generally distributed east of the Rocky Mountains. The best 

 remedy for this species is probably Paris green. 



The celery loopjer {Plusia simplex) (pp. 73, 74). — This species appears throughout 

 the season in a large number of localities east of the Rocky Mountains. It may be 

 destroyed by the use of Paris green. 



Notes on Dipterous leaf miners on cabbage (pp. 75-77). — A brief account is given of 

 the feeding habits and li^'e history of Scaptoncyza flaveola, ,S. adusta, S. graininwm, and 

 Agromyza diminuta. 



Notes are given on a considerable number of insects injurious to cabbage, esi^ecially 

 late cabbage, and similar crops (pp. 77-84). The species discussed in this section 

 are PltyUotreta bipustulata, Ceutorhy nchus rapse, C. quadridens, wasps as destroyers of 

 cabbage worms, cabbage-root maggot injurious to celery, cabbage-plant louse, dia- 

 mond-back moth, harlequin cabbage bug, imported cabbage butterfly, and cabbage 

 looper. The desirability of keeping up applications of insecticides late in the fall is 

 urged upon gardeners. 



Notes on insects injurious to peas and beans are presented on pages 84-110. The 

 species upon which notes are given include Phorhia fusciceps, which attacks the seeds 

 and sprouting plants of various kinds of beans and corn, and which may be checked 



