170 . EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD, 



plants, injurious effects, natural methods of dissemination, natural enemies, summer 

 treatments, winter treatments, lime-sal t-and-sulphur wash, whale-oil soap, kerosene, 

 crude i)etroleum, insecticide machinery, and fumigation with hydrocyanic-acid gas. 



Experiments Tvith. lime mixtures for the eradication of the oyster-shell 

 bark-louse, W. T. INIacoux {Canada Expt. Farms Rjjt.^. 1901, pp. 109, iiO).— Exper- 

 iments were made in spraying with lime mixed with water at the rate of 1 or 2 lbs. 

 to the gallon of water. It was found as the result of experiments during several 

 years that lime slaked in water and sprayed upon apple trees has the effect of loos- 

 ening the scales. For this purpose it should preferably be apjilied to the trees soon 

 after the leaves fall in autumn, so that the rain and wind may have their full effect 

 in removing the loosened scales. The lime apparently does not destroy the eggs 

 under the scales, nor is it injurious to either peach or apjile trees. 



Treatment for the oyster-shell bark-louse, W. S. Blair ( Canada Expi. Farms 

 Rpfs. 1901, pp. 379, 3S0). — Spraying with lime slaked in water at the rate of 1 or 2 lbs. 

 to the gallon of water was found a cheap and effective remedy for this insect. The 

 use of kerosene emulsion for destroying the young lice soon after they hatch was 

 found to be fairly effective, but no trees w'ere entirely freed from the pest. Tobacco 

 water as a remedy for the oyster-shell bark-louse was tried on 5 trees and was found 

 to be of little value. Not more than 10 per cent of the insects were killed by this 

 treatment. 



Arsenical sprays for the codling moth {Jour. Agr. and Ind., SoutJt, Australia, 

 5 {190J), No. 9, piji. 745, 746). — Brief notes on the successful use of various arsenical 

 insecticides, especially arsenite of soda, in destroying the codling moth. 



Chemistry of insecticides and fungicides, F. T. Shutt {Canada Expt. Farms 

 Epts. 1901, pp. 191-193). — Analyses of various l)rands of lye and gas lime are reported, 

 together with notes on insecticide mixtures which were proposed by correspondents. 

 The different brands of lye were found to vary in the amount of chlorid of soda 

 which they contained, and nearly all of them contained some impurities, such as 

 sulphates and oxids of iron and aluminum. These impurities, however, are not 

 considered as interfering with the efficiency of the lye. In the use of gas lime it was 

 recommended that care be exercised not to apply this substance when it is too fresh, 

 since it may tlien be injurious to vegetation. It is recommended to fruit raisers that 

 no attempt be made to use mixtures of lime wash and soft soap, since a curdy lime 

 soap is precipitated which is perhaps not so effective as soap alone. Whale-oil 

 soap is considered rather more effective than soft soap, partly on account of its 

 deterrent properties. While no experiments have been made to determine whether 

 sal soda can be used with Paris green in the place of lime, the author believes that 

 there is no reason why this substance can not be used to replace lime, but does not 

 think it wf)uld be any more effective than lime. 



A new emulsion for spraying, J. D. Ormsby {Jour. Jamaica Agr. Soc, 6 {1902), 

 No. 1, p. 11). — The author had unsatisfactory results from the use of kerosene emul- 

 sion and prepared an insecticide containing 1 11). hard soap, 1 qt. castor oil, \ lb. 

 carbonate of soda, 1 gal. water. The soap and acid were l)oiled in water and mixed 

 with the castor oil while heated; the mixture was then diluted with 10 to 20 per 

 cent of water for si^raying. 



Carbolic emulsion, J. D. Ormsby {Jour. Jamaica Agr. Soc, 6 {1902), No. 4, p. 

 145). — For combating scale insects the author had good results from using an insec- 

 ticide prepared as follows: 10 qt. boiling water, 1 qt. carbolic acid, 1 qt. soft soap. 

 The mixture is stirred until an emulsion is formed and is applied by means of a 

 brush. 



The use of an acetylene gas lamp for the destruction of insects, R.Roger 

 {Rev. Hort., 74 {1902), No. 8, pp. lSS-191, jigs. 5).— The author gives a brief account 

 of the practical experiments which have been made in the use of a lantern trap 

 lighted by acetylene gas for catching various species of insects. It is stated that this 



