FOODS NUTEITION. 175 



this investigation the diet consisted almost entirely of rice, potatoes, barley, chest- 

 nuts, and lily bulbs, and fnrnislied less protein than the commonly accepted dietary 

 standard calls for. Jajianese diet in general is discussed. 



Diet in the several periods of life, E. P.vlier {DIetef. and Ilyrj. (iaz., 18 {1903), 

 No. 5, pp. '2.')7-J6-i) . — A general discussion of the subject. 



The dietary of the Scottish peasant, AV. G. LrnxE {Caledonian Med. Jour., 

 5 (1902), No.'<. 1, pp. 22-26; 2, p}>. 9n-10l). — A general discussion of the subject. 



The utilization of sugars (hexoses) by the body, Charkin and Brocard {Compt. 

 Rend. Acad. Set. FarU, l-U {1902), Nos. 1, pp. 48-50; 3, pp. 188-190) .—The anihors 

 believe that experiments which were made with pregnant women show that levu- 

 lose, galactose, and gluco.se rank in the order mentioned, when judged by their utiliza- 

 tion in the body economy. Tests also showed that the human body induces cleav- 

 age in maltose more easy than in lactose and cane sugar, although the intensity of 

 cleavage and the utilization of the food is believed to depend ujion the diet the body 

 is accustomed to. Other conclusions of a special nature were also drawn. 



The digestion of carbohydrates in the stomach by ptyalin, Hensay {Mi'm- 

 chen. Med. Wchnschr., 1901, No. 30, p. 1208; abs. in Hyg. Rundschau, 12 {1902), No. 

 4, pp. 199, 200). — Examination of the stomach contents showed that larger quantities 

 of starch were digested by ptyalin than might be expected. The possibility of the 

 continuation of ptyalin digestion in the stomach is discussed. 



Concerning the influence of fats and carbohydrates upon the protein 

 metabolism in man, T. W. Tallqvist {Arch. Hyg., 41 {1902), No. 3, pp. 177-189). — 

 From experiments with man in which the income and outgo of nitrogen was deter- 

 mined the conclusion was drawn that the variations in fat and carl)ohydrates in the 

 diet influence the amount of nitrogen required, and that carbohydrates protect pro- 

 tein more than fat. 



Concerning a special r61e of carbohydrates in the assimilation of insoluble 

 salts by the body, L. Vaudin {Ann. Inst. Pasteur, 16 {1902), No. 1, pp. 85-93; abs. 

 in Chetn. Centbl.,1902, I, No. 9, p. 535). — According to the author's experiments the 

 carbohydrates formed by the hydrolysis of starch by saliva aid in the solution of 

 earthy phosphates. 



The effect of boric acid on the metabolism of man, M. Rubner {Hyg. Rund- 

 schau, 12 {1902), No. 4, pp. 161-170). — Metabolism experiments in which the respir- 

 atory products were taken into account lead the author to the conclusion that boric 

 acid increased the production of carbon dioxid and water vapor and increased the 

 cleavage of fat or carbohydrates in the body. 



On the effects of forced feeding in cases of pulmonary tuberculosis and in 

 normal individuals, N. D. Bardswell, F. W. Goodbody, and J. E. Chapman 

 {Ihitlsh, Med. Jour., 1902, No. 2147, pp. 449-451). — From experiments with healthy 

 individuals of normal weight and in nitrogen equilil^rium, the following conclusions 

 were drawn: Forced feeding, i. e., consuming an excessively large diet, caused a 

 marked increase in the amount of nitrogen excr3ted in the urine, with a proportion- 

 ate increase in the amount of urea. No diminution in the absorption of nitrogen was 

 observed, but the absorption of fat was diminished. There was a large and rapid 

 gain in weight, which was in every case associated with marked impairment of 

 general health. There was a corresponding loss of weight when ordinary diet was 

 resumed. 



The amount of combined pentoses in the body, G. Grund {Ztschr. Physiol. 

 Cliem., 35 {1902), No. 2, pp. 111-133). — The author studied the methods of estimating 

 pentoses and determined the amount in different organs and tissues of a steer and 

 calf. The largest amount, on an average 0.447 per cent, was found in the steer 

 pancreas (.'resh material). The average amount in the other materials examined 

 ranged from 0.021 in the steer muscular tissue to 0.099 in the calf thymus. The 

 results obtained are discussed at some length. 



