FORErtTKY. 257 



large areas of Iowa land will be used for tiniher eulture, yet the steeji slopes along 

 streams should be replanted with the most valuable forest trees suitable to the loca- 

 tion. Most of the forest trees when planted on exposed places in the western part of 

 the State need protection from the strong westerFy winds by wind-breaks, for which 

 purposes cottonwood, maple, willow, red cedar, Austrian pine, and white spruce are 

 recommended. Of the forest trees most desirable for planting, the author enumer- 

 ates the black walnut, butternut, white and green ash, black cherry, hackberry, 

 ( atalpa, honey locust, sugar majile, liickories, oaks, cedars, spruce, and jiine. In 

 addition to the testhetic consideration and as a permanent investment, a number of 

 the sjiecies will produce rapid growth, and willow and catalpa will make posts in 10 

 yeai's, cottonwood will produce logs in 25, and larch and cedar will be fit for tele- 

 phone poles in from 2n to 50 years, while oaks will make fence ])osts and railway 

 ties in aliout the same length of time. 



Trees of the Big- Horn forest reserve, A. Ksteij.a rAnnocK {Proc lowd. Park 

 and Fon'dry Assoc, 1 (liiOl), 'pp. 75-77, pi. 1). — Tlie deciduous trees of the Big Horn 

 forest reserve are said to be Popnliis angustlfolla, J'. Ircnndoides, green ash, box elder, 

 and various species of willow. Of the coniferous species represented, the yellow pine 

 is most abundant, and associated with it are Pinus JJexUis, Douglas spruce, lodge ])ole 

 pine, and Kngelmanii spruce, balsam fir, and mountain cedar. 



Trees of the Priest River forest reserve, J. C. Blumek {Pruc. luirn I'lirl: 'uid 

 Forestry Assoc, 1 {1901), pp. 77-80). — The principal species of trees occurring in this 

 forest reserve are said to be the western white pinfe, yellow cedar, tamarack or west- 

 ern larch, Douglas spruce, yellow pine, Engelmann spruce, western hemlock, white 

 fir, lodge-pole pine, white pine, yew, red cedar, together with a few deciduous trees 

 such as cottonwoods, maples, and birch. 



Special report of the forestry bureau, Philippine Islands, G. J*. Aiikjin 

 {Sjjc'c Rpt. War Dijit., 1901, }>}>. GO, pis. S3). — A rejM^rt is given of the activity of the 

 foi'estry bureau of tlie Philippine Islands from April, 11:)00, to July, 1901. The per- 

 somiel of the l)ureau is described and the system of regulations and licenses is 

 reported upon at considei'al)le length. The methods of pnjcedure and forms ]>re- 

 scribed by the regulations are shown. The number of licenses granted for timl)er, 

 firewood, dyewood, rubber, etc., during the time covered by the report amount to 

 580. The different kinds of timber have been classified and arranged into groups, 

 the popular and scientific names of which are given. A brief description is given of 

 the forests of the Philippines, and the amount of different kinds of tind)er taken 

 during the time covered l)y the report is indicated. The autlior believes that if the 

 2>roper safeguards be adopted the Philippine forests will not only be a soifi'ceof great 

 I'evenue, but may be maintained without serious depreciation. 



Forestry in Saxony, E. L. Harris ( U. S. Consular Bpfs., 69 (190^), No. ^61, pp. 

 244, '245). — The forests of Saxony are divided into 12 principal districts, which are 

 again subdivided into 100 minor districts. The author gives a report on the value 

 and income derived from these forests, arranged according to the different districts. 

 The total value of the forests is about 180,000,000, and the income for the year 

 rei)orted was $3,246,976.42, with expenses amounting to $1,005,364.85, making a net 

 average income of 2.71 per cent. 



Report on forest administration in Burma for 1900-1901 {Ppt. Forest 

 Admin. Burma, 1900-1901, pp. 17-i). — The forest reserve area of Burma was increased 

 during the period I'overed by this rei)ort l)y 684 square miles, the total being now 

 17,836 square miles. The reserve forests of Burma are divided into four circles, each 

 of which is reported upon in detail. Preliminary surveys have been made vi a con- 

 siderable portion of the reserves, but as yet working plans for extensive areas 

 have not been begun. The principal forest product exploited is teak timber, but a 

 number of secondary timber products are mentioned and during the year sanction 

 was given for the planting of 10,000 at-res in para rubber {Hevea hrasUiensis) , work 



