VETERINAKY SCIENCE AND PRACTICE. 293 



infection occurred, or even alteration of the conjunctiva. Anthrax spores were 

 tei^ted in the same manner on white mice, guinea pigs, and rabbits, with negative 

 results in every case. The organisms of mouse septicfemia produced a conjunctivitis 

 and death after 9^ days, in 4 out of 6 white mice upon which the experiments were 

 made. In rabbits this organism caused conjunctivitis but no infection. The 

 organism of fowl cholera produced infection and death in 5 out of 7 white mice 

 upon which experiments were made. Experiments on white rats gave negative 

 results, while 4 out of 7 rabbits became infected. Experiments with swine 

 plague bacillus gave negative results in white mice, white rats, and guinea pigs. 

 The organism of pneumonia caused the death of 4 out of 8 white mice, but did not 

 affect rats, guinea pigs, or rabbits. The author concludes from these experiments 

 that a general infection may be produced by bringing the organisms of mouse septi- 

 caemia, fowl cholera, or pneumonia into the uninjured conjunctiva sac, while such 

 infection is quite doubtful in the case of anthrax bacillus. In further experiments, 

 in which the lachrymal canal was closed or destroyed, no infection was produced 

 with any of the organisms in any experimental animals. More or less serious con- 

 junctivitis was produced in many cases, but the infection did not spread. It appears, 

 therefore, that the entrance of the organism into the general system takes 2>lace 

 tlirough the lachrymal canal rather than through the conjunctiva. 



The influence of the lowest temperatures obtainable with liquid air upon 

 the virulence of pathogenic bacteria, C. M. Belli {Centhl. Ihild. u. Par., 1. AU., 

 ol (1902), Xo. 8, Or'uj., pp. 355-360). — The author conducted exj)eriments in subject- 

 ing various pathogenic bacteria to the influence of low temperatures secured by 

 means of licjuid air. The temperatures obtained by this means were as low as —200° C. 

 It was found that a temperature of —200° C. for a period of 15 hours had no influence 

 upon the virulence of the anthrax bacilli. Careful counts were made of cultures 

 subjected to these low temperatures and it was found that a number of the less resist- 

 ant bacteria in each culture were killed by the cold; inoculation experiments, how- 

 ever, showed that the cultures as a whole remained virulent. 



Modifications in blood and serum preserved in an aseptic manner, ■M. 

 DoYox and A. 3Iorel {Compt. Rend. Acad. Sci. Paris, 134 {1902), No. 10, pp. G21~ 

 623). — It was found by the authors that in the blood of normal dogs and horses 

 selected and preserved in an aseptic manner at a temperature of 37° C. the ether 

 extract and the combined fatty acids diminished in quantity. This diminution of 

 the ethers in the blood is not accompanied with an increase in the acid of the blood; 

 it takes place only in the presence of oxygen and is intimately connected with the 

 red blood corpuscles. 



Immunity and protective inoculation, A. T. Kinsley {Indiistrkdist, 28 {1902), 

 No. 28, pp. 417-422). — A popular discussion of the general subject of immunity with 

 special reference to the prevention of blackleg, anthrax, hog cholera, and swine 

 plague. 



Experiments in the transmission of leprosy to animals, Y. Tashiro {Centhl. 

 Bakt. V. Pit'., 1. Ab(., 31 {^.902), No. 7, Orlg., pp. 276-278) .—In the experiments 

 undertaken bj' the author, rabbits and guinea pigs were used as experimental ani- 

 mals. The tissue from leprous patients was used for making interperitoneal or 

 hypodermic inoculations. It was found that the bacillus maintained itself for a con- 

 siderable time in the tissue of the inoculated animals, but was ultimately disinte- 

 grated so that no permanent infection resulted. It is believed, therefore, that the 

 transmission of leprosy to animals is absolutely impossible. 



Morphology and experimental researches on the trypanosoma of nagana 

 or tsetse-fly disease, A. Laveran and F. Mesxil {Ann. Inst. Pasteur, 16 {1902), 

 No. 1, pp. 1-55, figs. 9). — A general historical account of this disease is given with 

 numerous references to the literature on the subject. The disease affects a large 



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