392 EXPERIMENT STATION KECORD. 



to make possible a t^liort and rai)id diagnosis of the cause of lameness. In a paper on 

 radical operations for bnrsal enlargements, C. C. Lyford considered a seton almost 

 indispensable for keeping open the operation wounds in enlarged bursfe and thus 

 making i)ossible a thorough washing with antiseptic solutions. A paperon the value 

 of a few common ojierations on the horse by L. A. Merillat gave brief notes on 

 various forms of neurectomy, tenotomy, and the use of the actual cautery. 



L. Van Es discussed the subject of colleges and associations as guardians of the 

 standing of veterinarians among the profession, and the relation of the veterinarian 

 to his profession and the public was discussed by W. Shaw. A paper on the patho- 

 logical anatomy and microscopical diagnosis of rabies was read by A. Eichhorn. 

 The author stated that the plexiform ganglion shows greater or less changes in all 

 stages of rabies, and that a positive diagnosis can be made most easily from an exam- 

 ination of this ganglion. W. McEachran discussed the symptoms, diagnosis, patho- 

 logical changes, and treatment of distemper in a dog. 



In discussing the diagnosis of glanders by the Strauss method, L. Frothingham 

 reported an extensive series of experiments on guinea pigs inoculated with material 

 obtained from cases of glanders in horse and man. While a certain percentage of 

 these experiments gave negative results, the author believes that this method for 

 diagnosis of glanders is the most valuable one which can be used. 



Notes are given on the proceedings of the fifth annual meeting of the Association 

 of Experiment Station Veterinarians of the United States, which was held in connec- 

 tion with the above meeting. 



The address of the president, R. R. Dinwiddle, is reported, together with a paper 

 by C. A. Gary on the preparation of bouillon, gelatin, and agar-agar, ami one by M. 

 Jacobs on the subject of nodular disease in sheep. 



The duration of the life of pathogenic bacteria in minute particles of water 

 and on dust particles, F. Kirstein {Ztschr. Hyg. v.. Infedionsh-ank., 39 {1902). No. 

 1, pp. 93-170). — The purpose of the experiments which are reported in this article 

 was primarily to determine the length of time during w^hich pathogenic bacteria 

 which are associated with particles of dust or minute drops of moisture may remain 

 alive in rooms subjected to ordinary illumination with diffuse sunlight. Exjieri- 

 ments with the tubercle Imcillus showed that this organism preserved its vitality 

 when thrown out in moisture in the form of the finest possible particles for at least 

 4 days. Tul)ercle bacilli which had been thrown out in a spray in that manner and 

 collected 8 days after the spraying were found to have lost their virulence. The 

 period at which the tubercle bacilli die under conditions mentioned is, therefore, 

 between 4 and 8 days. The experiments of other authors along this line with the 

 tubercle bacillus are discussed in this connection. It was argued that the great vari- 

 ation in results obtained by different authors is due largely to the fact that the 

 tubercle bacilli were encased in drops of moisture or sputum of very different size in 

 different experiments. The author found that where tubercle bacilli were protected 

 from the action of diffuse sunlight and desiccation in particles of sputum of consid- 

 erable size, the organisms preserved their vitality for a period of 3 months or more. 



In similar experiments with the organism of fowl cholera it was found that these 

 bacilli lost their vitality after a period of 17 hours. Similar experiments were also 

 made with a number of staphylococci and streptococci and similar results were 

 obtained. In all cases it was found that when the organisms were not protected by 

 a thick film or other substance from the action of the light and air, their vitality dis- 

 appeared within a few days at most and usually within a few hours. 



The properties and nature of mixtures of toxins and their antitoxins, J. 

 Danvsz ( Ann. Imt. ]>a.^(evr, 16 {1903), No. 5, pp. 331-34^5).— The experiments reported 

 in this article by the author were confined largely to a study of the properties of mix- 

 tures of ricin and antiricin. A solution of ricin was made in the usual manner and of 

 such a strength that 1 cc. of the solution of ricin contained enough for 1,000 lethal doses 



