400 EXPERIMENT STATION EECORD. 



in all cases, m\ce the reaction frequently begins again after a long interval or the dis- 

 ease may break out anew. In animals which react in a typical manner subsequent 

 examination shows either that the animals ai-e manifestly glanderous or that glander- 

 ous tubercles are present in the lungs, liver, or spleen. According to the author's 

 investigations these tubercles are usually due to the entrance of the glanders bacillus 

 into the respiratory passages. Miliary or larger tubercles may thus arise in the small- 

 est bronchia and later the intestines may become infected, usually through the 

 medium of the lymphatic glands. 



In an infected stable the author found in addition to 1 or 2 manifestly glanderous 

 horses, and about the same number with suspicious symptoms, from 20 to 30 per cent 

 apparently healthy horses which reacted in a typical manner. 



On the basis of the author's investigations it is recommended that all manifestly 

 glanderous horses be destroyed; that 2 mallein injections be made with intervals of 



1 to 2 weeks; that all horses which have reacted once in a typical manner should be 

 isolated; that the stalls should be thoroughly disinfected, as well as all drinking 

 troughs or vessels or other utensils which could have become infected. It is also 

 recommended that in an infected herd all horses or animals which do not react or 

 Avhich react in a typical manner should be subjected to systematic mallein injections 

 with increasing doses for the period of a month. After the lapse of the second month 



2 mallein injections of the ordinary size should be given. Horses which still react 

 in a typical manner should either be killed or, if too numerous or valuable, may be 

 further treated, and after the lapse of another month may be tested again, at which 

 time, if a reaction takes place, they should be destroyed. 



Mai de Caderas, O. Voges {Ztschr. Hyg. u. Infectionskrank., 39 {1903), No. 3, pp. 

 323-372, pi. 1) . — The term Mai de Caderas is applied in South America to a disease 

 of horses closely related to the tsetse-fly disease. It is produced by a blood parasite 

 Tcown as Trypanosoma equina. The most conspicuous symptom is a lameness of the 

 posterior extremities, but this symptom is not always present, and the simplest and 

 surest method of diagnosing suspected cases is by inoculation of experimental animals 

 with the blood of suspected horses. The percentage of mortality from this disease is 

 very high, reaching 100 per cent in some herds of horses. 



The blood parasite to which the disease is due is described in considerable detail. 



t Inoculation experiments with this parasite show that rats, rabbits, dogs, sheep, goats, 



guinea pigs, and poultry are susceptible to the disease, while cattle appear to be com- 



l)letely resistant. It is suspected that the blood parasite is carried by a biting insect, 



probably Mvscn hram, which is said to resemble in appearance the tsetse tly. 



Report on a parasitic disease in horses, mules, and car abac in the Philip- 

 pine Islands, J. J. Carter ( Vet. Jour., n. ser., 5 {1902), No. 29, p>P- 292-294). — An 

 investigation of a parasitic disease which affects the carabao in the Philippine Islands 

 '^iisclosed the fact that the blood parasite found in these animals is identical with that 

 lieported as occurring in horses and mules and is apparently the surra parasite. Ex- 

 iperiments have been instituted by the author, and while final results have not been 

 ■preached, it appears that the disease may be readily transmitted from horses and 

 imules to carai^ao or vice versa, and that the agent of transmission of the blood par- 

 asite is a biting fly closely resembling the tsetse fly. Good evidence was obtained 

 that pastures may become infested from the presence of one diseased animal and that 

 _the disease may thus be transmitted to other animals which are allowed in the pas- 

 |-ture soon afterwards. 



^> Pink eye, S. WnARAM [Yet. Jour., n. ser., 5 {1902), No. 28, pip. 2 10-2 In) .—ThxB 

 disease is belie\ed by the author to be a form of influenza due to a micro-organism 

 •which has not yet been isolated. Among the predisposing causes of the disease, 

 mention is made of low temperature, damp atmosphere, insanitary surroundings, and 

 improper or insufficient food, together with exhaustion from overwork. Notes are 

 given on the symptoms, post-mortem appearances, and usual methods of prevent- 



