ENTOMOLOGY. 467 



and bitter rot of apples as well as peach-leaf curl, fire blight, and potato scab. 

 Formulas are given and also directions for preparing Paris green, arsenic and soda, 

 hellebore, lime-sulphur-and-salt wasli, whale-oil soap, kerosene emulsion, resin wash, 

 Bordeaux mixture, ammoniacal copper carbonate, and other insecticides and fungi- 

 cides. The 2 beetles which are most injurious to strawberries are considered 

 Otiorhijnchus sulcatus, Rhinaria perdLv. The only boring insect especially injurious 

 to fruit trees in Tasmania is said to be Maroga gigantella. 



Injurious and useful insects, L. C. Miall (London: George Bell & Sons, 1902, 

 pp. VIII -\- 256, Jigs. 103). — As stated by the author, this volume is intended to help 

 beginners in identifying the common species of injurious insects and to stimulate 

 interest in the relation of insects to economic agriculture, horticulture, and forestry. 

 The general anatomy of insects is described in considerable detail, and special 

 chapters are devoted to the common injurious species of beetles, moths, butterflies, 

 Hymenoptera, Diptera, plant lice, scale insects, and other miscellaneous injurious 

 insects. Notes are given by way of description and identification of common species 

 in the various orders. In part 4 of the volume the author discusses methods of 

 preventing or checking the injury caused by insects. 



The enemies of agriculture, A. L. Herrera {Las plagas de la agrknUura. 

 Me.vico: 3Iini.sterio de Foinenio, 1902, pp. 178, pis. 2). — This is a general treatise on the 

 subject of injurious insects and methods of combating them. It includes the classi- 

 fication of insects, the preparation and use of fungicides and insecticides, and special 

 notes on different methods of treatment, including mechanical methods and the use 

 of natural enemies of insects. In addition to detailed formulas and directions for 

 the preparation of insecticides and fungicides, notes are given on combinations of 

 fungicides and insecticides and on methods to be adopted in combating the attacks 

 of the more important injurious insects. The various agricultural and horticultural 

 crops are arranged in alphabetical order and mention is made under each plant of the 

 more important insect enemies which attack it. 



Caterpillars and their moths, Ida M. Eliot and Caroline G. Soule {New 

 York: The Centur)/ Co., 1902, pp. 302, pis. 80, figs. 2). — In this volume the authors 

 have dissussed the developmental stages and life history of a considerable variety of 

 moths selected on account of their suitability for class work and beginners in ento- 

 mology. The subjects discussed in the volume include the arrangement of an insec- 

 tary, a description of the various stages and general habits of insects, methods of 

 rearing insects, methods of collecting insects in various stages, parasitic insects, and 

 special descriptive notes on the appearance, habits, and life history of representative 

 species of a number of families of moths. 



Enemies of wheat, G. F. de Champville {Les ennemis de Me. Paris: F. de Laii- 

 nay, 1902, 3. ed., pp. 152, figs. 6). — In this immphlet the author attempts to present a 

 practical treatise on entomology, taking as his illustrative examples the insects which 

 are injurious to wheat. The species which are considered by the author include the 

 Angoumois grain moth, Calandra granaria, Bruchus granarius. Tinea granella, Tenebrio 

 mauritanicus, larvte of cock chafers, Cephus pygmseus, Hessian fly, Chlorops lineata, 

 Zabrus gihbus, Agrotis segetiim, Ochsenheimena. taureUa, Agriotes lineatus, grain aphis, 

 and locusts. In addition to a discussion of insects injurious to wheat the author 

 presents a brief account of other enemies, including Tylenchus tritici and rust. Atten- 

 tion is also called to the desirability of protecting bats, toads, and insectivorous birds, 

 on account of their beneficial action in destroying injurious insects. 



The diamond-back moth, G. H. Carpenter {Jour. Dept. Agr. and Tech. In.sfr. 

 Ireland, 2 ( 1901 ), Xo. 2, ])p. 275-279, figs. 7). — This insect is reported as having caused 

 unusual damage to cultivated cruciferous plants during the season of 1901. Notes 

 are given on the habits and life history of the species. A number of birds have been 

 found to feed upon the insect, and it may also be destroyed, under favorable cir- 

 cumstances, by spraying with kerosene emulsion. At times it is difficult to control 



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