ANIMAL PRODUCTION. 



481 



"The calves used in this experiment were 'common bred' ones, and they made 

 good gains. The farmer whose business was producing baby beef would use the best 

 type of bull that he could secure — short-legged, thick-meated, blocky, and quick- 

 niaturing." He would select well-bred cows of strongly pronounced beef tj'pe that 

 were good milkers. "With good breeding and good feeding an average weight of 

 1.000 lbs. may be secured at 12 to 14 months of age." 



Results of a cattle-feeding test, W. J. Kennedy and F. K. Marshall {Iowa 

 Sta. Bui. 66, pp. 223-255, figs. 10). — This was a cooperative experiment con- 

 ducted at the Brookmount Farms. Using 11 lots of 20 steers each, averaging 1,048 

 lbs. in weight, the authors studied the value of condimental stock feeds, corn by- 

 products, cotton-seed meal, linseed meal, and dried blood when fed in addition to 

 corn, and also the advisability of changing cattle on a full grain ration from dry food 

 to pasture. 



At the beginning of the test, which covered 92 days, all the lots were fed 15 lbs. 

 per head daily of snapped corn (on the ear), with wheat straw in addition. As the 

 test progressed shelled corn, corn-and-cob meal, and finally corn meal were substi- 

 tuted for the snapped corn. During the test, considered as a whole, snapped corn, 

 shelled corn, corn-and-cob meal, corn meal, and wheat straw were fed to all the lota 

 in about the proportion of 2 : 1 : 5 : 10 : 10. Lot 1 was fed the basal ration only. In 

 addition to the basal ration, lots 2 to 6 were fed at the beginning of the trial 2 oz. 

 per head daily of oil meal, cotton-seed meal, gluten meal, Buffalo gluten feed, and 

 germ-oil meal, resjjectively; lot 7 was fed 0.1 lb. of dried blood; lots 8 to 10 were 

 fed respectively 0.4 oz. of Iowa Stock Food, International Stock Food, and Standard 

 Stock Food. Lot 11 was not fed any concentrated feed in addition to the basal 

 ration, but after 6 weeks was allowed the run of a 21-acre timothy pasture. All the 

 amounts fed were increased as the test progressed until the cattle were on full feed, 

 which required about 5 weeks. After 42 days feeding the steers fed cotton-§eed 

 meal (lot 3) became suddenly sick. Three of the animals died and the rest becom- 

 ing blind and refusing to eat were marketetl and the test with this lot discontinued. 

 A post-mortem examination of the steers which had died showed that the stomachs 

 "were very much inflamed, l)eing red and blue in color." 



The test progressed regularly with the other lots, except that on account of acci- 

 dents 1 steer was removed from lots 1, 4, and 5. The steers were sold in Chicago, 

 the price received ranging from $7 in the case of lot 10 (Standard Stock Food) to 

 $7.65 per 100 lbs. in the case of lot 4 (gluten meal). The following table summarizes 

 the principal results obtained including those of the slaughter test: 



Results of a steer-feeding test. 



Rations fed. 



Lot 1, corn ( basal ration) 



Lot 2, corn and oil meal 



Lot 4,eorn and gluten meal 



Lot o.eorn and BviffaloKlutenfeed. 



Lot 6. corn and ^I'l'in oil meal 



Lot 7, corn and (Iried blood 



Lot S, corn and Iowa Stock Food. . . 

 Lot 9, corn and International Stock 



Food 



Lot 10, corn and Standard Stock 



Food 



Lot 11, corn and pasturage 



Lbs. 

 2.39 

 2.51 

 2.92 

 2.88 

 2.32 

 2.42 

 2.30 



1.97 



2.17 

 2.49 





Cts. 

 10.71 

 11.02 

 9.34 

 9.65 

 11.64 

 11.08 

 10. 51 



13.41 



11.95 

 10.20 



o K : 



UTS I 



Per ct. 



58.8 

 60.6 

 59.6 

 60.6 

 60.3 

 .59.5 

 59.6 



59.6 



58.7 

 .59.3 



-m 





Per ct. 

 2.1 



1.8 

 1.4 

 1.8 

 1.9 

 1.9 

 1.8 



1.9 

 1.9 



Per ct. 



4.8 

 6.1 

 .5.2 

 5.8 

 5.4 

 6.1 

 5.6 



5.8 



6.0 

 6.1 



Lbs. 

 77.1 

 76.2 

 81.7 

 79.0 

 75.1 

 77.1 

 74.9 



73.5 



74.7 

 78.1 



13 E 

 O) o 



a u 



SO. 93 

 .95 

 1.04 

 1.03 

 .885 

 .96 

 .925 



.705 

 .97 



