HORTICULTURE. 573 



hybrids, i-nlture of new hyl)ri(ls, preliminary notes on tlie ripening of 1-year-old 

 wood, and the injurious effects of pruning on the growth of the tree trunk. The 

 average thickness of the trunks of a large number of trees pruned in the pyramidal 

 form was 8.4 cm. ; jiruned only by removing dead and crossed branches, 9.7 cm. The 

 following year the pruned trees attained a diameter of 9.5 cm. and the unpruned 

 trees 11.7 cm. Contrary to the usual belief that regular pruning serves to make 

 stockier trees, these experiments indicate that strong pruning jjrevents the rapid 

 growth of the stem rather than furthers it. 



The carob tree, A. Guyaijer {Bui. Dir. Ayr. d Com. [7'»»/.s], 7 [190^^), No. 25,- 

 pp. 430-453). — Detailed account of the nature, culture, composition, and uses of the 

 carob tree and its products is given, its varieties are described, and the production 

 in different countries noted. The fruit of the carob tree is used primarily as a stock 

 food, but sometimes for human consumption. A sherbet is made from it by the Turks, 

 and it is also used in some European countries as an adulterant of coffee. 



English, pleasure gardens, Rose 8. Nichols {Neir York: The MacrnUlan Co., 1002, 

 jip. XXJY \-S24, 2>ls. '>'^,,ti{/x. 1S5, plans 10). — Popular descriptions of classic, monas- 

 tic, mediaeval, Tudor, Elizabetlian, Stuart, Italian, eighteenth century, and modern 

 gardens and groiuids. A bibliography of the works of 170 different authors treating 

 of the various kinds of gardens noted above is included. 



The book of climbing plants, S. Arnott {London and Nen> York: John Lane, 1902, 

 pp. XLY-{-124, pis. 6). — An P^nglish book on climbing plants, in which the charac- 

 teristics, culture, and value of the various annual, hardy deciduous, hardy herl>ace- 

 ous, and hardy evergreen climbers, hardy wall shruljs, climbers for growing under 

 glass, roses, and clematis are popularly discussed. The book is the tenth in the 

 series of Handbooks of Practical Gardening, edited by H. Roberts. 



The book of old-fashioned flowers, H. Roberts {London and Ncvj York: John 

 fjnic, 19')1, pp. Ill, ph. 9). — A popular account is given of the old-fashioned hardy 

 Mowers grown in the cottage gardens of England. The garden is described with ref- 

 erence to the flowers growing in it during each of the 4 seasons of the year. In the 

 latter part of the book brief chapters on soils, manures, seed sowing, etc., are given. 

 The book is the fourth in this series of Handbooks of Practical Gardening. 



A plea for hardy plants, J. W. Elliott {New York: Doubleday, Page & Co., 

 1902, pp. 76, figs. 52). — "This book has not been written to teach the art of land- 

 scape gardening, but the need of it." It is believed that $1 intelligently si)ent on 

 the grounds about the house will afford more l)eauty than $10 spent in the house. 

 Detailed plans are given for flower gardens and for laying out city and sul)urV)an lots 

 of various sizes. The art in gardening and the beauty in hardy plants are l)rought 

 out in the numerous illustrations, which constitute one of the chief features of the 

 book. 



Collection of Haarlem flowers {Florilegium Harlernen.se. Haarlem: JJe Erven 

 Looxjes, 1901, ph. 60, descriptive te.cl) . — This work is published under the auspices of 

 the council of the Algemeene Vereeniging voor Bloeml)ollencultuur of Haarlem. It 

 includes descriptions and life-sized colored illustrations of the bulbous and tuberous 

 rooted plants of the Haarlem export trade. The book is published in 1 volume in 

 the 4 languages, Dutch, English, French, and German. 



A new hybrid poppy, F. Cayeux {Rev. Hort. \^Paris'\, 74 {1902), No. 2, pp. 525- 

 528, figs. 3; ahs. in Arner. Gard., 23 {1902) , No. 415, p. 783, figs. 3). — A prolific, many- 

 branched, yellow-flowered poppy {Papaver pilosum) was crossed on P. bracteatum, a 

 poppy bearing large single red flowers, for the purpose of increasing the flowering 

 capacity of the latter. When P. pilosum was used as a mother plant no seed was 

 obtained, but when P. hracteatwn was used as a mother plant a few seed were found. 

 Out of a dozen plants grown from this seed, 3 i^lants with pale orange-red flowers, 

 and intennediate in form between the two parents, have l)een found and given the 

 name P. piloso by bracteatum. The jiarents and hybrid are illustrated. Three other 



16398— No. 6—03 5 



