606 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



"The results throughout favor the combination of cowpea hay and cotton-seed 

 meal, two rich protein-containing foods, whether high prices or low prices are con^ 

 sidered, for milk and butter making. They indicate also that at low j>rices cowpea 

 hay can be substituted for cotton-seed meal with satisfactory results, whereas this 

 can not be done when high prices prevail." The following statement is taken from 

 the rather extended summary of the results: "Providing the palatability and the 

 digestibility of the foodstuffs used are equal, the source from which the protein is 

 derived has but little effect if the substitution of one food for another is made on the 

 basis of the protein equivalent." 



Apple pomace a good feed for cows, J. L. Hills ( Verntuni Sta. Bid. 96, pp. 7). — 

 The attention of A'ermont dairymen is called to the feeding value of apple j^omace 

 for cows. In experiments at the station during 4 years this material has been tested, 

 the results being uniformly in its favor and indicating that apple pomace has prac- 

 tically the same feeding value as corn silage. A brief summary is given of the experi- 

 ments, which have l)een i-eported in detail in the reports of the station. 



"These repeated experiments seem to be sufficient to demonstrate the value of 

 this usually despised product. Twenty or more cows hav'e been in four different 

 years fed from 10 to 16 lbs. daily. Some were fed in 4-week periods, alternated with 

 corn silage, and two were fed for 20 weeks continuously without trouble of any kind 

 being experienced in the health of the animals or the quality of their products." 



On account of unfavorable results which have been reported it is advised that a 

 change from corn silage to apple pomace be made gradually. No special care has 

 been observed at the station in ensiling apple pomace. The material has been 

 dumped into the silo, leveled off, and left uncovered and unweighted until used. 

 The station has fed 15 lbs. daily per cow with entire satisfaction. 



reeding experiments, J. R. Moore ( ifimssippi Sta. lipt. 1902, pp. 23-26). — John- 

 son grass hay was compared with corn silage and with cotton-seed hulls in 2 series 

 of experiments which are reported. Six cows were used in each test, which lasted 

 about 10 weeks. The results are summarized as indicating that under the condi- 

 tions of the experiments 20 lbs. of corn silage is equal to about 6 lbs. of Johnson grass 

 hay and 12 lbs. of cotton-seed hulls is equal to 10 lbs. of hay. 



Record of dairy herd, J. S. Moore {Mississippi Sta. Rpt. 1902, pp. 19-22).— T\\\b 

 is a record of the amount and cost of food consumed and the milk and butter pro- 

 duced by 12 cows during the calendar year 1901. The average cost of food per cow 

 was $34.58, the average yield of milk 5,094 7 lbs., and the average yield of butter 

 325.6 lbs. The a\erage cost of food for 100 lbs. of milk was 69.7 cts. and for 1 lb. of 

 butter 11 cts. 



Some of the influences afPecting milk production, L. Anderson {Thesis, 

 Cornell Univ., 1902, pp. 97, dgms. 13). — The influences considered are natural environ- 

 ment, heredity, food, and the temperature of the cow, including oestrum and spaying. 

 The part dealing with the influence of food was published as Bulletin 173 of the 

 New York Cornell Station (E. S. E,., 11, p. 1081). The author's investigations concern- 

 ing the relation of the temperature of the cow to the secretion of milk are reported 

 upon as a new line of study in the field of animal production. The records of the 

 cows upon which the observations were made are given in tabular form and are also 

 shown by means of diagrams. The conclusions drawn are as follows: 



"The period of oestrum as observed with 11 cows was accompanied by little varia- 

 tion in the flow of milk; by a rise in butter-fat percentage in about one-half the cases 

 and little or no change in the other half; by a variation in the total fat secreted 

 corresponding to the variation in the percentage of fat; and usually by a rise in tem- 

 perature. Each cow returned to her normal milk secretion as soon as the oestrum 

 period had passed. 



"Two cows that were spayed showed a large decrease in milk flow, a wide fluctu- 

 ation in the percentage of fat, and a slight rise in temi^erature immediately following 



