VETEKINARY 8CIENCP: AND PRACTICE. 703 



and a second time in early winter, in order to prevent tlie deveioimient of an 

 epizootic of f^heep scab. 



The vaccination of Algerian sheep and the control of sheep pox, K. Nocakd 

 {Bui. Agr. Algerie et Tanme, 8 {1902), No. 14, pp- 33S-343).—k number of objections 

 have been raised against the governmental procedure in comliating sheep pox by 

 means of the vaccination of Algerian sheep. These objections were that vaccination 

 creates new foci of the disease and thus contributes to its spread in France. It was 

 also argued that since the operation is not performed on all Algerian sheep there are 

 some which are still subject to the disease and liable to cause serious outl)reaks. , 



A number of writers have also com))ated the statement that epizootics of sheep pox 

 are i)rodueed in France by the importation of Algerian sheep. These various objec- 

 tions are met by detailed arguments, and it is urged that the only measure which is 

 calculated to effectively prevent the importation of sheep pox in France is general 

 vaccination of all Algerian sheep. 



The virulence of the wool of sheep affected with pox, after recovery and 

 before being washed, L. Duclert and A. Coxte {Ann. Ecole Nut. A</r. Montpdlkr, 

 n. scr., 2 {1902), No. 1, pp. 52-56). — The literature relating to the infectiousness of 

 the wool of sheep affected with pox is briefly discussed. A number of experiments 

 were made for the purpose of determining how long the wool may be infectious, 

 under various conditions. In one exi)eriment a healthy sheep was confined with 

 another sheep which had been inoculated .58 days previously, and had developed a 

 generalized form of the disease 46 days previously. The pustules were still present in 

 large numbers, and in a dried condition on the skin, and material from these pustules 

 was also present on the wool. The healthy sheep ilid not become infected. 



Blood poisoning (malignant edema) in sheep and lambs in New Zealand, 

 J. A. GiLKUTH ( V. S. Dept. Agr., Bureau of Animal Industry JRpt. 1901, pp. 233-236).— 

 Notes are given on the symptoms, cause, curative treatment, and prevention of this 

 disease, which ajipears most frequently after some injury in shearing. The tempera- 

 ture is very high, extensive swellings appear on the under parts of the body, and 

 death results in almost all cases. In preventing this disease the author recommends 

 thorough disinfection of the soil in tlie localities where the disease appears regularly, 

 and treatment of shearing wounds, especially when the latter are of a serious nature. 



"Big head" of sheep in Utah ( U. S. Dipt. Agr., Bureau of Animal Indui^trij Epf. 

 19U1, pp. 230-232). — A report was received from H. M. Rowe concerning a peculiar 

 disease of sheep in Utah and Idaho. The first symptoms appear to be due to irrita- 

 tion of the lips. The gait soon becomes unsteady, and within about 45 minutes the 

 animal becomes blind. The most conspicuous symptom is an extensive sweUing of 

 the head. Great difference of opinion prevails regarding the cause of the disease, 

 but it is believed most probable tliat some poisonous plant is responsible for this 

 trouble. It was not possible, however, to secure a specimen of the plant wliich 

 sheepmen suspect of being the cause of the disease. 



Hog cholera (/owr. Dept. Agr. and Tech. Bistr. Ireland, 2 {1902), No. 3, pp. 515, 

 516). — Attention is called to the importance of making prompt notification of the 

 appearance of hog cholera. It then becomes possible for the proper officials to 

 superintend the isolation of diseased hogs and the disinfecting of the premises. 



A variety of the hog-eholera bacillus which closely resembles Bacillus 

 typhosus, M. Dorset {U. S. Dept. Agr., Bureau of Animal IiHhtstnj Rpt. 1901, pp. 

 56/1-571). — An organism was isolated from a hog during an outl)reak of hog cholera 

 in Iowa. The organism has been cultivated on artificial media for 18 months, and 

 has undergone no perceptible variation. It stains readily with atjueous solutions of 

 aniline dyes, but not by Gram's method. The bacillus is actively motile and pos- 

 sesses several flagella. No spores have been found. Notes are given on the behavior 

 of this organism upon various nutrient media. It is pathogenic for hogs, ral)bits, 

 and guinea pigs. The only striking variation from the ordinary I.og-cholera bacil- 

 lus is its power of fermenting glucose without the production of gas. 



