802 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



conducted the figures obtained for the " replacement vakie " (the equivalent figures) 

 of the feed stuffs experimented with are therefore believed to give important infor- 

 mation and to be of greater value to the farmer than calculations from an assumed 

 average c-omposition of feeding stuffs and assumed nutritive ratios. The equivalent 

 figures for the following feeds have been determined in the feeding experiments 

 with milch cows conducted by the station: One pound mixed grain (barley, oats, or 

 rye) = l lb. Indian corn = l lb. wheat bran = l lb. molasses feeil = 1 lb. dry matter 

 in roots = I lb. cotton-seed meal. These figures are averages only. Corn, bran, and 

 dry matter in roots may often be found to be somewhat more valuable than the 

 small grains, pound for pound, so that their replacement value may lie between 0.95 

 and 1, and that of molasses feed may vary l)etween 1 and 1.05. — f. w. woll. 



Feeding: experim.ents with gluten feed, N. Ritland {Norsk Landmandshlad, 21 

 {190J), No. 41, pp- 4SS-490). — An experiment with 8 cows is reported, the result of 

 ■which indicated that 1 lb. of gluten feed has a somewhat higher feeding value than 

 J 11). rye bran and I lb. cotton-seed meal. — f. w. woll. 



Feeding experiments with corn-molasses feed for milch cow^s ( Ber. Norges 

 LitiuVn-. Iltn^kolof Mrks., 1901-:?, pp. 190-19,.'). 



The Hegelund method of milking-, C. W. Aarhus {Den Jlegelundske Malkeme- 

 tode. Denmark, 190'^, jjj). 49, ill.). — This is a popular treatise on the subject of milk- 

 ing, particularly on the Hegelund method (E. S. R., 14, p. 286). The various 

 maniimlations are illustrated. The gain in production obtained by the use of this 

 method is shown by a number of cases. The author states that by the adoption of 

 the Hegelund method the product of the dairy may on the average be increased 12 

 per cent, partly through the production of more and richer milk, and partly through 

 the resulting improvement in the dairy qualities of the cows. The effect of a care- 

 ful and exhaustive system of milking on the dairy herd and in preventing diseases 

 of the udder is discussed at some length. — f. w. woll. 



Milking according to Dr. Hegelund's method, L. Steen {Christiania, 1902, pp. 

 IS; y'/V/.s.s/.r. lYoc.s/.v' Ldiidbr., 190.?, No. 9, .^iip.). — A popular discussion published by 

 the Royal Society for Norway's Weal. — f. \v. woll. 



On milking, with special reference to clean milking, K. W. Aaderman 

 {Landtmannen, IS [1902), No. 42, pp. 668-676). 



Dairy herd record and creamery notes, R. W. Clark {Alabama College Sta. 

 Bui. 121, pp. 183-203). — A summary is given of the record (jf the station lierd of 

 about 8 cows foi; 2 years. The average annual production per cow was 3,954.6 lbs. 

 of milk and 226 lbs. of butter. The cost of keeping was $24.07, and the average cost 

 of producing milk 5.5 cts. per gallon, and butter 11 cts. per pound. Data are given 

 on the cost of raising 6 heifer calves. The average cost the first year was $11.77, and 

 the average cost to the time of calving was $19.47. Methods suggested for the 

 removal of the odor and taste of bitterweed and wild onion from milk and cream 

 were tested. The compound in bitterweed responsible for the bad flavor was thought 

 to be held largely or entirely by the milk serum and that in wild onion by the fat. 

 The bitterweed taste was entirely removed from cream by washing. This was done 

 by mixing the cream with 2 or more parts of water, at temjieratures of 70° F. 

 or above, and running the mixture through the separator. The other methods tested, 

 such as feeding cows cooking soda and the addition of saltpeter to the cream, were 

 unsatisfactory. In comparative tests of different systems of creaming the separator 

 left on an average 0.0.3 per cent of fat in the skim milk, deep setting 1.3, and shallow 

 pans 0.6 i)er cent, the temperatures being from 81 to 85° F. 



In an experiment lasting 4 weeks 3 cows were fed a ration consisting of 9 lbs. of 

 cotton seed, 3 lbs. of bran, and 10 lbs. of sorghum hay, and 3 were fed a ration con- 

 sisting of 5i lbs. of cotton-seed meal, 3 lbs. of bran, and 10 lbs. of cotton-seed hulls. 

 There was practically no difference in the melting point and content of volatile fatty 

 acids of the butter made from the 2 rations. During 2 months 9 cows on pasture 



