814 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



brane of the mouth or trachea. In the cases in which no lesion of the mucous mem- 

 brane was produced, no infection of anthrax took place. In all, 20 guinea pigs were 

 inoculated into the lungs, and 8 of them were allowed to live for a week or longer 

 after inoculation. The experimental animals were killed at different periods after 

 inoculation. It was found that the virulence of the anthrax bacilli was still of nor- 

 mal strength after 1 hour. After being 4 hours in the lungs of the guinea pigs, 

 however, the bacilli showed changes of form and had lost the power of growth. It 

 appeared that they had become so weakened l)y remaining for a short time in the 

 lungs that they had no power of development upon artificial nutrient media. As a 

 rule, some evidence of pneumonia was observed in the lungs. Similar experiments 

 with anthrax spores showed clearly that the spores also are destroyed by being left 

 in the lungs. Animals which were allowed to live recovered permanently from the 

 temporary bad effects of the inoculation. 



Is is concluded from these experiments, therefore, that in the normal lungs of 

 guinea pigs anthrax bacilli are destroyed, although these animals always died if the 

 anthrax bacilli obtained entrance into the subcutaneous tissue. 



Immunization against anthrax with, pyocyanase, and combinations of this 

 enzym, K. Vaerst {('rnt}>l. Fxilt. v. Par., 1. Abt., 31 {1902), Nos. 7, Ornj., pp. 293- 

 317; .s", pp. 34S-3.5'j) . — The author reviews the literature of this subject in a critical 

 manner, in connection with a l)ibliography of 67 titles. An account is given of the 

 various methods which have been used in producing immunity in various domesti- 

 cated animals against anthrax. Since it had been demonstrated that the enzym from 

 Bacillus pyoeyaneus, commonly called pyocyanase, exercised an immunizing action 

 against anthrax, numerous experiments were made with this substance to determine 

 its relative value and the conditions under which it was most effective. The author 

 conducted a large series of experiments in the laboratory, outside of the animal body 

 and in the animal body. The experiments with animals included simultaneous 

 injection of pvocyanase and anthrax liacillus; immunizing experiments with aqueous 

 solution of pyocyanase in the proportion of 1 to 10; immunizing experiments with 

 pyocyanase and immune proteids obtained from the serum and from the spleen; and 

 immunizing experiments with pyocyanase solution and dead anthrax bacilli. The 

 results of these experiments upon different experimental animals are recorded in 

 detail. As a result of the experiments it is concluded that pj'ocyanase exercises, not 

 only a restraining influence upon the development of anthrax cultures, but may 

 actually dissolve the bacteria. In making simultaneous injections of anthrax cul- 

 tures and pyocyanase the development of anthrax in the animal body may be 

 checked. It was not found possible to immunize rabbits against anthrax by means 

 of an aqueous solution of pyocyanase. The author succeeded, however, in immun- 

 izing rabbits with jn'ocyanase serum. 



Texas cattle fever and salt sick, C. F. Dawson ( Florida Sta. Bid. 64, pp. 519- 

 550, figs. 3). — A general account is presented of the cause, symptoms, post-mortem 

 appearances, and historical pathology of Texas fever, together with notes on the life 

 history of the cattle tick, means of exterminating the tick, and methods of immuni- 

 zation of cattle by tick intestation and by blood inoculation. The author believes 

 that the best way to prevent Texas fever m native animals is to infest them mildly 

 with ticks in early life. Medical treatment of Texas fever is usually without results 

 in acute cases. In chronic cases the author had good results trom the use of a condi- 

 tion powder containing 8 oz, linseed meal, 4 oz. powdered fenugreek seed, 3 oz. 

 ginger root, 4 oz. common salt, 2 oz. hyposulphite of soda, and 1 oz. sulphate of iron. 

 The different substances were mixed together and the dose given was a handful in 

 bran night and morning. 



The author investigated a number of cases of so-called salt sickness, and found that 

 this disease may affect cattle at any age, but more frequently attacks calves and year- 

 lings. In all cases ol this disease which were investigated the organism of Texas fever 



