VETERIlSrARY SCIENCE AND PRACTICE. 815 



Ava8 found in the red blood corpusfles^. It is believed therefore that salt sickness is 

 really a chronic form of Texas fever, in which excessive infestation of ticks and poor 

 pasture may result in producing an unusual degree of emaciation. It is believed that 

 salt sickness may be the same as the so-called wasting disease which was investigated 

 in Jamaica. 



Texas fever, I, G. E. Nesom {South Carolina Sta. Bui. 12, pp. -23). — Brief pop- 

 ular notes are given on the subject of Texas fever, including the following points: 

 The inti'oduction, history, distribution, cause, method of infection, and period of 

 incubation of this disease, together with a discussion of susceptibility, favorable 

 conditions, symptoms, post-mortem appearances, treatment, prognosis, dipping of 

 cattle, and preventive vaccination. From circulars sent to stock raisers in the State 

 it was found that among 3,408 cattle mentioned in answers to the letters, 1,885 or 

 55.3 per cent were infested with cattle ticks, while the remainder were entirely free 

 from them. Attention is called to the importance of these facts in the development 

 of Texas fever. 



Report upon Texas fever or red water in Rhodesia, C. E. Gkay and W. 

 Robertson {Cape Touti: Argus Printing and Fab. Co., Ltd., 1002, pp, 27, pis. 22). — 

 An account is given of the history of Texas fever in Rhodesia. The origin of the 

 first cases of Texas fever in this province is not definitely known. During the past 

 10 years the country has become gradually infected until the epizootic proportions 

 of the seasons of 1901 and 1902 were reached. Texas fever in Rhodesia appears,, 

 according to the observations of the authors, to differ from the same disease in other 

 countries in the severity of infection, in the fact that very young calves on infected 

 fields contract the disease and die, and also in the facts that 1, 2, or even 3 attacks 

 do not confer immunity and that about 30 per cent of the cases exhibit serious 

 lesions in the lungs. The symptoms of typical and atypical cases are described in 

 detail. In all these cases the disease ran a virulent course, but in atypical cases the 

 lungs are seriously affected. They become heavy and darker in color than normal, 

 and are filled with fluid and froth. Just before death in such cases large quantities 

 of albuminous froth are di.scharged from the nose. Extensive experiments in the 

 use of a drench containing 1 dr. calomel, 1 dr. carbolic acid, 2 dr. quinine, and 1 pt. 

 linseed oil showed that this remedy is of little value. Inoculation experiments also 

 gave unsatisfactory results. It was found that the virulence of the blood of recovered 

 animals varied greatly and in many instances was fatal Avhen inoculated in small 

 doses. It was also found impossible to protect inoculated animals during the i)eriod 

 required for the production of immunity. Many such animals, therefore, died from 

 the combined effects of inoculation and excessive tick infestation. Even in cases 

 where the reaction from inoculation was typical and where the animals recovered 

 within the usual length of time, the immunity seemed to be of variable duration 

 and in many cases was not sufficient to protect the inoculated animals. It is appar- 

 ent, therefore, that the methods which have been used in America and Australia 

 in immunizing cattle against Texas fever can not be used at present without modifi- 

 cation in Rhodesia. Further ex}ieriments will be made along this line and experi- 

 ments are already in progress in devising effective dips for destroying the ticks. The 

 authors recommend the use of a dip containing 6 lbs. arsenic, 24 His. soap, 24 lbs. 

 washing-soda crystals, 5 gal. Stockholm Archangel tar, and 400 gal. of water. 



Red -water in Rhodesia, H. Watkins-Pitchford {Agr. Jour, and Min. Rec. 

 [Xat(d'\, 5 {1902), No. 11, pp. 341-347) . — An outbreak of the disease was observed in 

 cattle imported into Rhodesia and an examination of the disease showed that it was; 

 identical with that known as red water in Natal. The outbreak is attributed to the 

 presence of an unusual number of ticks and the introduction of a number (jf animals; 

 possessing an extreme degree of susceptibility. For the purpose of preventing the 

 further spread of the disease it is recommended that the introduction of stock from 

 Rhodesia into Natal be prohibited until the disease has been checked. It is not con- 



