FOODS NUTRITION. 891 



station is tiiveri by the director, E. Verson. Tlie report also roiitaiiis a imiuber of 

 articles dealing with various phases of scricniture, and the following brief notes are 

 made upon these articles: 



Tlii\llNids'H>}ii.('hritusefhi'louseinii.goftlie>tl:iii i)i llir itio/fiin/ /irocess ofhiaectn, E. Verson 

 (lH). 17-82). — -Notes are given on the specialized cndls which produce this fluid in 

 insects. The author's observations and studies were contined largely to the silk- 

 worm, and his results are compared with those ol)tained by W. L. Tower in a study 

 of the potato beetle. 



ImpermeabUity of the cf II of the Kilkworin egg to alcohol, E. Quajat (pp. 38-36). — An 

 investigation of this subject showed that the immersion of eggs of various races of 

 silkworms for periods varying from 5 to 50 minutes in alcohol did not cause any 

 injury to the eggs, since the shell did not appear to be penetrated by the alcohol. 



The effects^ of jyrolonged hibernation on tlie silkworiu eggs of various races, E. Quajat 

 (pp. 40-49). — A summary account is presented of experiments along this line con- 

 ducted during the years 1899-1901. It was found that the Chinese race of silkworms 

 was most susceptible to the injurious effects of prolonged low temperature, while the 

 yellow Asiatic race apjiears to be much less affected by this agency. 



Influence of external conditions upon the physical properties of cocoons, E. Verson ( pp. 

 50-54; 73-80).— The author's experiments were made on 2 races, the Sciaohing and 

 Sierra Morena. The experiments were confined to a test of the effect of methods of 

 feeding and different feeding stuffs upon the color, elasticity, and tenacity of silk. 



Tlie number of silkivorm moths which can he fertilized by a single male, E. Quajat ( pj). 

 55-72). — A considerable variation was observed in different races, the number of 

 females fertilized b}' a single male varying from 3 to 15. 



Brief notes are also given on spermatogenesis of insects as related to the silkworm, 

 and on the influence of dry and moist air during the spinning and maturation period 

 of the pupa^ An elaborate bibliography of publications relating to sericulture which 

 appeared during the years 1901 and 1902 is also given (pp. 97-120). 



Experiments at the Sericultural Station of Murcia for 1902, E. Lopez {Car- 

 tilla para la crianza y ahogado del gusano de la seda. Levante, 1902, pp. G). — Brief 

 notes on the incubation of silkworm eggs and on the relative numbers wliich ])roved 

 to be fertile or infertile. 



Rearing- and killing silk'worms, E. Lopez {Levante: Min. Agr. Ind. and Com., 1902, 

 pp. JS). — Brief notes on the cultivation of mulberries and on the various processes 

 concerned in rearing and killing silkworms. 



The silkworm in Spain, A. E. Carleton ( U. S. Consular Rpis. , 71 ( 190S) , No. 

 270, p2). 418, 419). — In 1901 the silkworm crop of Spain is said to have been consid- 

 erably below that of 1900. The French species of silkworm continues to be culti- 

 vated more than other varieties. 



Silkworms in Italy, W. J.\rvis ( 11. S. Consular Rpts., 71 {1903), No. 270, pp. 419, 

 420). — The l)reeds of silkworms cultivated in Italy are stated as being the pure yellow, 

 the white indigenous, and the Japanese cross. The only silkworms bred in Italy are 

 tliose which feed on the mulberry leaf. Brief notes are given on the planting and 

 care of mulberry trees and on the rearing and value of silkworms in Italy. 



FOODS— NUTRITION. 



Food adulteration, F. W. Traphagen {Montana Sta. Bui. 38, pp. 24)- — The exam- 

 ination of a large number of foods and condiments showed that food adulteration was. 

 common in Montana. In connection with this work proximate analyses were made 

 of samples of crackers, biscuits, cereal breakfast foods, baking powders, flours, and 

 vinegars. 



The detection of a small amount of salicylic acid in a sample of jam, which there 

 was reason to believe contained no added preservative, led the author to study the 



