HORTICULTURE. 965 



descriptions given of 6 summer, 9 autumn, and 17 winter varieties tliat luive been 

 successfully grown at the station with only ordinary attention as to cultural details. 



Apple shipments to the Orient, II. B. Miij.ek {Oregon Bd. .llort. lipt. 1901-2, 

 pp. lOO-l'JJ). — An account of tlu^ shipment of several varieties of apples to China. 

 The apples were packed in boxes and wraijju'd in paper. The losses with the 

 different varieties were as follows: Ben Da\is, 2 per cent; Tawoer, 10 per cent; 

 Spitzenberg, 10 per cent; Shannon Pippin, 2^^ per cent; .lonatlian, W per cent, and 

 Red Russian, 75 per cent. 



The varieties of fruit that can be profitably g-rown in Pennsylvania, 

 G. HiESTER {Peitiisi/lrania Depl. Ayr. Bnl. 106, pp. 50, imip 1). — The author sent 

 letters of inquiry to 3,000 fruit growers throughout the State and received answers 

 from more than 1,000 of these, representing every county and every fruit-growing 

 section in the State. Based on these data, directions are given for the location and 

 culture of apples, pears, peaches, pltnns, grapes, and cherries in the different sections 

 of Pennsylvania. Tables are given showing the varieties of these fruits most suitable 

 for each section in the State and many of the varieties are briefly described. Each 

 county of the State is taken up and its suitability for fruit growing discussed, 

 varieties adapted for culture in the county being noted. 



Thinnag-e of peaches, E. J. Kyle {Texat< Truck Groiver, 1 {1903), No.24,p- !)■ — 

 Sununary of the advantages derived from thinning peaches, with details as to time 

 and methods. 



Sulphured dried fruit and its examination, A^^ Fkesenius and L. CJKtJNiiuT 

 (Ztschr. Analyt. Chem., 42 {1903), No. 1, pp. 33-41). — The sulphuri(! acid found in 

 samples of California apricots, peaches, and pears, Italian prunes, and other dried 

 fruits of this sort is tabulated and connnented ni)on. 



Modern fruit culture; production, commerce, and utilization of fruits, 

 E. DuEAND {La culture fruiti^re modeme; production, commerce et utilimtion des fruits. 

 Paris: J. B. Bailliere & So7i, 1902, pp. 272, figs. 28). — A popular discussion of present, 

 day methods in France. 



Modifications in the forms of fruits; influence of the intermediate sub- 

 ject in top-grafting-, P. Passv {Rer. Ilort. ll'ims'], 75 {1903), No. 5, pp. 105-108, 

 figs. 6). — A discussion is given, with illustrations, of the differences in the forms of 

 pears obtained by top-grafting the Cure variety with Doyenne d'hiver and Crassane. 



Modifications in the form of the pear and apple by dimorphism, P. Passy 

 {Rev. Hfjrt. [Paris], 75 {1903), N<>. 4, PP- 85-88, figs. 2). 



Concerning root pruning, A. C. Ide {Cultnra, 14 {1902), No. 171, pp. 424-426). — 

 This brief paper, copied from the yearbook of the Netherland Pomological Society 

 for 1902, records an experiment on severe root pruning of young apple and pear 

 trees at the time of transplanting. The writer selected 1, 2, and 3 year old apjile 

 and 1, 2, and 3 year old pear trees. One-half of each lot were transplaiUcd in the 

 usual manner, while the others had their roots so severely pruned that only a stick 

 was left. The trees of the first lot started off most vigorously in the spring, but 

 before the end of June the closely pruned trees were larger than the others, and this 

 lead was maintained throughout the season. When the trees were dug ui> it was 

 found that the closely pruned ones had developed a much better root system than 

 the others. — h. m. pieters. 



Banana and plantain culture, T. Koschny {Tropenpfiauzer, 7 {1903), No. 3, 

 pp. 112-124).— The botanical relationship of these fruits, their uses, and methods of 

 culture are discussed. 



Cacao culture in the Philippines, W. S. Lyon {Philippine Bureau Agr., Farmers' 

 Bui. 2, pp. 25).— Vopuhir directions for the culture of cacao in the Philippines, includ- 

 ing notes on climate, location, soil, planting, cultivation, pruning, harvesting, enemies 

 and diseases, manuring, varieties, and the estimated cost and revenue derived from 

 a cacao plantation. 



