982 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



fruiting canes the fruit-bearing shoots are dwarfed, the leaves are small, curled, and 

 faintly mottled with yellow. Many of the berries dry up without ripening, and those 

 that ripen are small and insipid. This disease is apparently quite an important one, 

 and is to be the subject of further investigation. At present it is believed to be not 

 of fungus origin, and ex]>eriments with fertilizers have been without any appreciable 

 effect. 



Tvro Jiev/ raspberry diseases, F. H. Hall, F. ( '. Stewart, and H. J. Eustace 

 {Netv York Stale St(t. Bid. 226, popular ed., pp. 11, jigs. 2). — A popular summary of 

 the above bulletin. 



The preventive treatment of oidium, de Boissard (Rer. Yit., 18 {1902), No. 

 469, pp. 672, 673). — The writer calls attention to the fact that for 9 years he has suc- 

 cessfully combated the occurrence of powdery mildew on grapes by washing the 

 stock with a 10 per cent solution of copper sulphate. The vines are heavily sprayed 

 or washed with this solution dui-ing their dormant period, and as a result the follow- 

 ing sea.son no trace of mildew has been observed. This treatment not only destroys 

 the fungus spores, but also mosses and lichens which may be present upon the grape- 

 vines, as well as being destructive to numerous insects which are found in the cracks 

 of the bark. 



Brunissure, P. Viala {Rev. Yit., IS {1902), No. 467, pp. 610, 611, pi. i).— The 

 autlxir reviews previous investigations regarding the cause of Vjrunissure, describes 

 its characteristics, and suggests its possible causes. 



The brown rot disease of redwood, H. von Schrenk {U. S. Dept. Arjr., Bureau 

 of Forestrij Bui. 38, pp. 29-31, pb. 2). — The only disease of the redwood of any par- 

 ticular importance is said to be that known as butt, brown, or pin rot. The brown 

 rot causes the wood to become verj^ brittle, having properties cjuite similar to char- 

 coal. The decay starts in the inner rings of the heartwood and extends outwardly 

 until all the heartwood is pitted. The brown rot starts at or near the ground and 

 extends from the roots upward into the trunk for distances varying from 3 to 50 ft., 

 but as a rule does not go more than 10 or 15 ft. into the butt. Ho far the author has 

 not been able to identify any fungus as the cause of this disease, but from the close 

 resemblance of the brown rot to a similar disease of Libocedrus decurrens it is thought 

 possible that the two may be due to the same or related species of fungi. The 

 brown rot does not cause any great amount of damage and measures for its pre- 

 vention are impracticable. The decay of redwood poles used for telegraph and other 

 purposes has been observed, w^hich is similar to the brown rot, and it is recommended 

 that this decay could be probablj' retarded l)y the thorough drying of the poles 

 before getting them or by coating with some i)reservative substance. 



A disease of the white ash caused by Polyporus fraxinophilus, H. von 

 Schrenk {U. S. Dept. Agr., Bureau of Plant Industry Bui. 32, pp. 20, jils. 5). — A 

 description is given of the white rot of ash caused by the growth of Polyporus fraxi- 

 liOphUus in heartwood of the trunk and branches of the white ash. This fungus 

 changes the wood into a soft, pulpy, yellowish mass, making it unfit for lumber pur- 

 poses. A diseased tree may be readily recognized by the conspicuous sporophores 

 which usually occur in considerable numbers about every dead branch or stub. The 

 fungus attacks ash trees of all ages, usually, however, those that are more than 7 

 in. in diameter. It begins growth in a wound or a dead branch and spreads to the 

 main trunk. A technical description is given of the fungus and the microscopic 

 changes which the wood undergoes. As a result of experiments the author has found 

 that the fungus will not grow very well in dead wood. As preventive measures in 

 parks and grounds the diseased trees should be cut down and in pruning wounds 

 should be covered with some antiseptic. 



A new orchid parasite, L. Montemartini {Separate from Atti Inst. Bat. Univ. 

 Pavia, 2. ser., 8 { 1902), pp. 3, pi. 1). — A description is given of Uredo aurantiaca, n. sp., 

 a rust fungus recently discovered attacking the leaves of the orchid {Ocnidium 



