ENTOMOLOGY. 985 



pear trees no living insects were found on the following JNIay. About 13 per cent 

 were found to be alive on apple trees sprayed with the same mixtures. Linie-sulphur- 

 salt wash was used on plum and peach trees and proved very effective without injur- 

 ing the trees. Naphcin was of little use. The owners of a large orchard sprayed 

 7,000 trees just before the buds opened, with the California mixture. The author 

 examined the orchard in July and August and found that the insecticide had proved 

 exceedingly effective. Oil was also used ))y many orchardists with satisfactory 

 results in most cases. Soda soap proved to be of httlc value. The California wash 

 was used by orchardists in a num))er of large peach orchards with satisfactory results. 

 In November, 1902, ,3 large apple trees were fumigated with hydrocyanic-acid gas. 

 An examination made on January following showed that no living insects remained. 

 The author's general recommendations in the treatment of San Jose scale is to remove 

 worthless trees, burn out injured branches, and spray during the winter months 

 with California wash. 



A number of natural enemies of the San Jose scale were observed in this State. 

 Chilocoruii bivulnervs were very abundant and nearly exterminated the scales on some 

 trees. Pentllia misella was also efficient in the destruction of scales. A fungus enemy 

 was observed and is believed to be a species of Capnodium. A circular letter was 

 sent out to entomologists and horticultural inspectors to obtain evidence concerning 

 the relative degree of infestation of different plants by the San Jose scale. From 

 the 45 replies obtained from the 80 circulars sent 3 lists of plants are prepared 

 according as the plants are badly infested, occasionally infested, or not infested. 



Brief notes are also given on apple-tree tent caterpillar, white fly, brown-tail moth, 

 raspberry-cane maggot, hickory -bark borer, currant worm, as})aragus beetles, siiinacii- 

 leaf miner, Avisota smatoria, Anouiala hvn(>t<tla, Ai^jridiotusforlii-sl, etc. The elm trees 

 in New Haven and elsewhere were observed to be considerably pruned by gray 

 squirrels. It appears that these animals cut off the twigs so as to obtain the seeds 

 upon the ground. It is stated that the report concerning the jiresence of the brown- 

 tail moth in Connecticut is unfovmded. 



Report of the State entomologist on the noxious and beneficial insects of 

 the State of Illinois, S. A. Fokises ( Tarnlu-fird Rpt. Skde Ent. llliuuis, 1900, ]>}>. 

 184^- XVIII, pis. IS, figs. 97). — This report contains a reprint of Bulletins 56 and (iO 

 of the Illinois Station (E. S. R., 11, pp. 654, 655; 12, p. 866). 



Report of the State entomologist on the noxious and beneficial insects of 

 the State of Illinois, S. A. Forbes ( Tirentii-second Rpt. State Ent. lllinol.f, lOO-J, )>p. 

 149 \ XX, pl.^. 9, Jhjs. 32). — A portion of this report consists of reprints of Illinois 

 Station Bulletins*?!, 72, 79, .-nd 80 (E. S. R., 14, pp. 270, 271, 673, 675). The parts 

 of the report which have not been previously noted may be referred to in this 

 connection : 



Experiments and observations on the n.se of crude petrolemn and jmre kerosene for the 

 San Jose scale (pp. 91-95) .—In these experiments c-rude petroleum and kerosene were 

 sprayed on March 12 and 15 upon 52 trees, including apple, cherry, pear, and peach; 

 31 trees were treated with kerosene and 21 with crude oil. On June 15 no living 

 scales could be found on any of the trees except 3 badly infested apple trees. No 

 injury was noted except upon the peach trees, and of the 24 whicii were treated only 

 4 escaped injury. In an examination of 40,398 trees si)rayed with crude oil in the 

 Catawba Island district of Ohio it was found that only 6,448 were entirely without 

 injury. As stated in the following proportion, 16 per cent wi're uninjured, 54 per 

 cent slightly injured, 15 per cent seriously so, 7 per cent nearly killed, and 8 pvr cent 

 killed outright. 



Experiments with summer washes for the San Jose scale (pp. 96, 97).— A kerosene 

 emulsion with whale-oil soap, containing 10 per cent kerosene; and a mixture of 

 soda, potash, sulphur, and whale-oil soap were used. The latter insecticide was 

 applied to 58 trees infested with San Jose scale. Detailed notes are given on these 



