FORKSTRY. 1075 



tiou and chlorofunning of duniuuit plants worked out by tlie author for the purpose 

 of shorteniug the resting period and thus accelerating the forcing of plants, flowers, 

 bulbs, etc., is described in outline in the paper. The plants are placed in an air- 

 tight etherization chamber lined with tin foil or with soldered sheet zinc; a layer of 

 2 to 3 cm. of dry sand is ])laced at the bottom of the chamber; when this has been 

 carefully closed ether is poured in through a funnel at the top of the box and caught 

 in a dish suspended directly under the same. The most convenient temperature for 

 conducting the etherization is 17 to 19° C. The higher the temperature the more 

 violent is the action of the ether. The ether vapor is generally left to act on the plants 

 for 48 hours; toward the end of the rest period 2-1 to 80 hours will be found sufficient. 

 As to quantities of ether required, 30 to 45 gm. of ordinary sulphuric ether per hec- 

 toliter (26.4 gal.) of air space is nsed in case of different plants, viz, lilacs, 32 to 40 

 gm.; Marie Legraye, not to exceed 38 gr. ; AMburnum, 38 to 40 gm.; Pnmus triloba, 

 Amygdalus j)ersica, Spiraea, etc., 30 to 35 gm. ; Azalea mollis and other deciduous 

 plants, 30 to 35 gm.; Pyrus "flnribunda" forms, Staphylea, Deutzia, and Magnolia, 

 35 to 40 gm.; lily of the valley (before planting), 30 to 35 gm. After the etheriza- 

 tion the plants are preferably forced at once; it is not necessary to use as high tem- 

 peratures for etherized plants as is ordinarily the case. As the flowers of etherized 

 plants are apt to be of a paler color than those appearing later in not etherized plants, 

 it is advisable to place the plants, after the buds have opened, at a temperature of 

 12 to 15° C, where a deep color is a desideratum. 



Chloroform may be used in the place of ether for shortening the resting period of 

 ]>lants, but it acts much more intensely and must be used in smaller quantities; three- 

 tenths of the quantities recommended with ether will suffice. The highly inflam- 

 mable cliaracter of both etherand chloroform renders extra care necessary in handling 

 the liquids, especially where the etherization method is used under commercial con- 

 ditions. — F. w. WOI.L. 



A woman's hardy g'ardeii, IIelExVA E. Ely {Neiu York: The MannUlan Co., 

 /:>(/■:, ji/i. XVI-'r^i'h J'l-'^- -f'', 'lyiii.-^. 4). — This book presents in a popular manner 

 methods of planting home grounds with hardy flowers and shrubs. Directions are 

 given for laying out borders and planting with annuals, perennials, biennials, etc. 

 A feature of the book is that in carrying out the work no greenhoulBe, hotbed, or 

 cold frame is required. 



How to make school gardens, H. D. Hemexway {Neiv York: Dovbleday, Page 

 tS: Co., 190S, ])p. XYI \ 107, ph. S, Jiyx. 16). — This is a popular work dealing with 

 the details of making a school garden, such as laying out beds and planting seeds, 

 sowing seeds in window^ boxes, making cuttings, grafting, and budding. A short 

 bibliography of school-garden literature is appended. 



The nature study idea, L. H. Bailey {New York: Ihmbleday, Page d: Co., 1903, 

 pp. 159, ftgs. 2): — "An interpretation of the new school movement to put the child 

 in sympathy with nature." 



FOEESTEY. 



A German method of oak reproduction, W. Y. Hubbard {Forestry and Irrig., 9 

 [190.1), Xi>. 4, pp. 199-202, ph. .)).— A description is given of a method followed 

 in Germany for the substitution of oak forests for beech. The demand for beech 

 timber is a depreciating one, while that for oak is continually increasing and the 

 method described was devised in the neighborhood of Karlsruhe. A portion of 

 the beech forest is annually cut over and put in oak in the following manner: In 

 the autumn before cutting and while the trees are still standing the ground is strewn 

 with acorns which are superficially worked into the ground with picks or mattocks. 

 After the acorns have been scattered and worked in the forest is cut clean, the lum- 



28297— No. 11— U3 i 



