22 EATS DENDBOMETEB. [Nov., 



divisions on the lines of altitude corresponding to the height of the 

 object. The part below the level of the observer is then added to the 

 observed height, which gives the total height of the object. 



Fig. 1 shows more clearly what takes place in making an observa- 

 tion. Thus, with the plumb-line falling over the square as indicated 

 with a base of 50 feet, we would have a tree of 26| feet in height ; 

 and with a base of 100 feet we would have a tree of 53 feet in 

 height ; the altitudes being always in proportion to length of base. 



To Measure the Height of a Eeclining Tree. — In measuring 

 the height of a reclining tree, care must be taken not to measure the 

 base-line from the centre of the bole, but from a point on the ground 

 perpendicular with the highest part of the tree, which is ascertained 

 by holding a plumb-line between the eye and the object, and marking 

 the place thus indicated on the ground as at B. (see Fig. 3). In 

 finding the perpendicular the observer must stand at right angles to 

 the base-line by which he intends to ascertain the height. 



Note. — If the base-line were measured from the centre of the bole, 

 on the side the tree is leaning to, it would give too great a height \ 

 and if on the side the tree is leaning from, it will give too little. 



Measuring the Height of Eound or Flat-topped Trees. — In 

 measuring the height of round or flat-topped trees the observer must 

 choose a station sufficiently far back to have a view of the highest 

 part. If viewed too near, as at A. in Fig. 4, it is simply impossible 

 for the observer to see the highest part of the object, and the result 

 is that the height is greatly increased. Therefore, in order to avoid 

 such errors, the object should be viewed as far back as possible, so as 

 to obtain a view of the highest point right over the^true perpendicular; 

 or in the event of this not being possible, the perpendicular and 

 height of some definite point may be ascertained as in Fig 3. 



Note. — The height of any part of an object may be ascertained by 

 subtracting the result of one observation from that of another. 



Messrs. Dicksons and Co., 1, Waterloo Place, Edinburgh, are agents 

 for the sale of the Dendrometer, the price of which is 17s. 6d. 



'The Indian Forester' for September, edited by W. E. Fisher, B.A., 

 has reached us. It contains, besides the continuations of previous articles, 

 papers and notes on the rate of growth of Teak in Burmah, on demarcating 

 forest reserves, on tlie cultivation of the Bean, and on experimental plantations 

 of Usar, &c. 



"We have also to acknowledge the receipt, from the Ministerial Department 

 of Crown Lands and Public works for the Cape of Good Hope, the report of 

 the Superintendent of Woods and Forests for 1882. It is published by W. A. 

 Eichards & Sons, Government Printers, Castle Street, Cape Town (1883) ; also 

 .'Suggestions regarding Forest Administration in the Hyderabad Assigned 

 Districts, and Eeview of the Forest Administration in the several Provinces 

 under the Government of India for 1881-2,' both by W, Schlich, Ph.D., and 

 printed at Calcutta by the Home Department Press (1883). 



