FORESTRY. 57 



owners to improve their wood lots and plant waste places by furnishing expert 

 advice, plant material at cost, and by the passage of a just tax law. 



The Michigan State forest reservation (Forestry Quart., ,.' ( 1904), No. .', pp. 75, 

 76). — A brief -description is given of the forest reserve which has been established in 

 Michigan according to plans provided by the State Forestry Commission and the 

 Bureau of Forestry. This territory covers 17 sections of land, the nature of which is 

 described and the species representing the present tree growth are enumerated. 



The south part of Pike's Peak Forest Reserve, J. C. Bltmer ( Forestry and 

 Trrig., 10 (1904), No. 4, p>P- 169-174, figs. 3). — A description is given of a portion of 

 the Pike's Peak Forest Reserve situated in the southern part of Colorado, in which 

 an account is given of the fire conditions, water conservation, and mountain timber. 

 The principal species of trees are the Fngelmann spruce, several species of pine, fir. 

 etc. The distribution, rate of growth, and relative value of the different species are 

 indicated. 



Natural forest extension, C. W. Yoder (Forestry and Irrig., 10 (1904), No. 4, 

 pp. 1S4-186). — An account is given of the tendency of forest trees to encroach upon 

 the prairie of northeastern Kansas. The author traces the steady encroachment of 

 timber belts along various creeks, particular attention being paid to Pony Creek in 

 the western part of Brown County, Kansas. 



The forest conditions along this creek are not unlike those found along a number 

 of other streams in the same region and personal observations have extended them 

 along the Missouri River westward. In passing westward there is a gradual restric- 

 tion in the forest areas and a decrease in the number of species, but the prevalence 

 of young trees along ravines and smaller streams indicates a recent extension of 

 forest area. 



The planting of white pine in New England, H. B. Kemptox ( U. S. Dept. 

 Agr., Bureau of Forestry Bid. 45, pp. 40, pis. 13, figs. 2). — According to the author, 

 white pine may be advantageously used for planting on watersheds, sand barrens, 

 and seaside dunes, on bare lands and worn-out pastures, on cut-over lands, and on 

 wood lots throughout the United States from Maine to Dakota and south to the Mis- 

 souri and Ohio rivers, and along the mountains to Alabama and Georgia. A study 

 of the white pine in New England showed the practicability of its planting, not only 

 by States and corporations but by the private landowner as well. 



The bulletin reports the results of investigations of 12 artificial plantations, amount- 

 ing to about 2,500 acres. These embrace pure plantings of white pine and white pine 

 with various mixtures. Measurements were made of 98,995 trees, varying in age 

 from 11 to 48 years. These were made to determine the rate of annual growth for 

 each year from the starting stage. The different plantations are described in detail. 

 The different mixtures used are discussed and the relative value of European larch, 

 oaks, chestnut, Scotch pine, red pine, Norway spruce, and sugar maple for planting 

 with white pine is shown. Directions are given for starting a white pine plantation, 

 including notes on the collecting and storing of the seed, preparation of the seed bed, 

 sowing, and shading, the preparation of the plantation, transplanting, and treatment 

 after planting. 



From the figures presented it appears that the first profitable lumbering may lie 

 practiced between 35 and 45 years after planting. An estimate is given of the cost 

 and profit of an average 60-acre plantation of white pine on waste pasture land in 

 New England, valuing the land at $4 per acre, the crop to be cut at the end of 40 

 years from the formation of the seed bed. Based upon present prices and deducting 

 all expenses, it is calculated that the return would be equivalent to $1.15 per acre 

 annually in addition to 4 per cent compound interest on the money invested. 



Tree planting on our northern prairies, W. A. Burxap (Proc. Iowa Park and 

 Forestry Assoc., 3 (1903), pp. 42-46).— -In a brief account the author gives the results 

 of about 50 years' observations on the prairie region of Iowa, during which time the 



