68 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



suspected areas by digging trenches about them, the destruction of all dead runts 

 containing the mycelium of the fungus, the opening of the soil in the holes left by 

 the removal of the trees, the thorough draining of all plats where the disease is sus- 

 pected, and the use of such fertilizers as kainit, iron sulphate, basic slag, lime, etc. 

 It is further suggested that the practice of burying the primings from the tea trees 

 be discontinued. 



Experiments on the treatment of downy mildew, L. Ravaz and A. Bonnet 

 ( Ann. Ecole Nat. Agr. Montpellier, n. a r., 8 ( 1908), No. .'. pp. 157-168) .—Experiments 

 are reported in which the authors tested the relative efficiency of copper and cadmium 

 as fungicides, the adhesiveness of various fungicides, and the action of copper on the 

 growth of grapes. Bordeaux mixture, cadmium sulphate and lime, a simple solution 

 i if cadmium sulphate, and a solution of copper sulphate were compared, and so far as 

 their relative efficiency in checking the downy mildew was concerned there was 

 found but little choice. 



In the experiments on adhesiveness, Bordeaux mixture, Burgundy mixture, verdi- 

 gris solutions, and Bordeaux mixture, to which was added turpentine and resin, were 

 tested. Different lots of grapevines received 1, 2, and 3 sprayings, and the adhesive- 

 ness of the different fungicides was determined by the amount of mildew observed 

 on the vines. AVhere 3 sprayings were given the vines practical immunity was 

 secured with all the fungicides. 



Where 2 applications were made, the fungicides, to which resin was added, gave the 

 best results, closely followed by ordinary Bordeaux mixture, Burgundy mixture, and 

 verdigris solutions. Where only a single spraying was given the vines no difference 

 in adhesiveness was noted and but slightly less disease was observed on the treated 

 vines than on those which received no applications of fungicides. 



In studying the action of chemicals on the growth of the vines cadmium and copper 

 seemed to have about the same stimulating effect on the foliage of the crop, prolong- 

 ing their attachment and increasing the intensity of coloration, although copper was 

 found much more active in the latter respect than cadmium. 



The wintering of Oidium tuckeri, 0. Appel [Centbl. Bali. u. Par., .'. AbL, 11 

 {1903), No. 4-5, pp. 143-145, fig. 1) . — It is said that the powdery mildew can vege- 

 tate during the winter as isolated fragments of mycelium on the newly formed wood 

 into which it sends its numerous irregular haustoria. In the spring of the year 

 these anomalous strands of mycelium develop into normal growths which bear con- 

 nidia, thus setting up a new infection of the mildew. 



Powdery mildew and grape hybrids, E. Goutay {Prog. Agr. et Vit. (Ed. 

 L'Est), 24 {1903), No. 47, pp. 608, 609). — Notes are given on the relative suscepti- 

 bility of varieties of grapes to injury by the powdery mildew. Some of the newer 

 hybrids are reported as being very susceptible to injury by the fungus, while others 

 are nearly or quite resistant to its attack. 



The treatment of the gray rot of grapes and the composition of wines, 

 L. Degrully (Prog. Agr. et Vit. {Ed. L'Est), 24 {1903), No. 49, pp. 464, 465).— The 

 results of the application of fungicides for the prevention of gray rot, as shown by 

 the quality of the wiiie, are given. The vines had been covered with a powdered 

 fungicide, made according to the formula of Sokolnicki, which consists of "alum 

 plaster" 25 kg., cement 10 kg., gypsum 25 kg., and sulpho-steatite 40 kg. This was 

 applied to the vines twice during the season, and under the conditions of the experi- 

 ment a maximum quantity of plaster, alum, and sulphate of copper was administered 

 to the plants. 



The wine made from these plants was subjected to analysis which showed no 

 presence of copper nor was there an excess of potassium sulphate, but the alumina 

 present corresponded to 0.409 gm. per liter, an amount which is about 13 times as 

 great as that tolerated. 



On the treatment of the gray rot of grapes, E. Combemale {Prog. Agr. et Ylt. 

 (Ed. EEst), 24 (1903), No. 50, pp. 697, 698). — A fungicide consisting of triturated 



