VETERINARY SCIENCE AND PRACTICE. '201 



The tick disease of cattle ( haemoglobinaemia ixodioplasmatica bourn) in 

 German and English East Africa and Uganda, A. Schmidt {Arch. Wiss. u. Prakt. 

 Tin-It.. 30 (1904), No. J-.', pp. 42-101). — The literature of this subject is discussed 

 with references to a bibliography of 221 titles, An elaborate review is given of the 

 history, symptoms, pathogenesis, etiology, and treatment of the disease. The develop- 

 mental stages of the blood parasites are described and notes are given on the natural 

 history of the ticks. The author argues that one set of quarantine regulations would 

 be effective in controlling Texas fever, rinderpest, and tsetse-fly disease. 



Trypanosoma theileri in German East Africa, 0. Panse I Ztschr. If,'",/, u. 

 Tnfectionskrank., 46 (1904), No. 3, pp. 376-378, fig. 1).— Specimens of an organism 

 supposed to belong to this species were found in cattle on the island of Mafia. Notes 

 are given on its morphological characters. 



An African trypanosome pathogenic for horses, A. Laveean and F. Mesotl 

 (Compt. Rend. Acad. Sri. Paris, 138(1904), No. 12, pp. 732-737, fig. 1).— Notes are 

 given on the morphological characters of Trypanosoma dimorphon. This parasite is 

 pathogenic for rats, mice, rabbits, dogs, goats, horses, etc. 



Some of the more recent work on the morphology of anthrax bacillus, A. 

 Geimme (Centhl. Bakt. u. Par., 1. AM., Orig., 36 (1004). No. 3, pp. 352-354) .—The 

 author gives a brief review of recent literature on this subject. The fat globules of 

 anthrax bacilli are spherical, highly refractive, and do not stain with ordinary anilin 

 dyes. They are dissolved in chloral hydrate but not in Eau de Javelle. 



Correction to the article of D. Ottolenghi "On the minute structure of 

 anthrax bacillus," V. Ruzicka (Cenlbl. Bakt. u. Par., 1. Abi., Orig., 36 (1904), 

 No. 3, p. 354). — A controversial article regarding the staining of anthrax bacillus. 



The mechanism of natural immunity to anthrax, L. Remy (Bid. Inst. Chim. 

 et Bad. Gembloux, 1904, No. 74, pp. 1-32). — A long series of experiments was carried 

 out for the purpose of determining the bodies in the serum of white rats, rabbits, 

 guinea pips, goats, and horses. 



On the basis of these experiments the author concludes that natural immunity is 

 subject to the same laws which regulate artificial immunity. The bactericidal power 

 of normal sera should not be attributed to the alexin entirely, hut partly to the 

 immune body; The author considers artificial immunity not as a means of defense 

 on the part of the affected organism, but as an exaltation of the process of destruc- 

 tive digestion of pathogenic bacteria. The destruction of bacteria by means of sera 

 in vitro is comparable with the artificial digestion of proteid substances. 



The artificial immunity of rabbits to anthrax, 0. Bail (Cenlbl. Bali. n. I'm-., 

 1. Abt., Orig., 36 i 1904), No. 3, pp. 397-406). — The serum of immunised rabbits may 

 be rendered ] Tactically inactive agaiust anthrax bacilli by admixture of cellular mate- 

 rial. The addition of bone-marrow cells, however, brings about the death or attenu- 

 ation of the anthrax bacilli. The immune serum appears to be not bactericidal but 

 rather antitoxic. 



Blackleg, C. Bianchi (Gior. /.'. Soc. ed Accad. Vet. Ital., 53 (1904), No. 21, pp. 

 481-485). — A brief account is presented of the symptoms and treatment of blackleg. 

 The causes of death after vaccination are discussed. 



The bacterial content of muscle tissue affected with blackleg and of black- 

 leg vaccine, H. Regn (Arch. Wiss. u. Prakt. Txerh.,30 (1904), No.3, pp. 261-280).— 

 An attempt was made to determine quantitatively and qualitatively the hlackleg 

 bacilli in musculature and vaccine. The author made numerous aerobic and anae- 

 robic cultures i >n various media and inoculation experiments with animals. The num- 

 ber ni spores in blackleg muscles was found to vary enormously, 1 eing most numer- 

 ous in spontaneous cases, in which a maximum of 1,202,000 per rag. was observed. 



In experimental anthrax in cattle the number of spores varied from 215 to 133,000 

 per rag. of affected muscle, and in sheep from 410 to 2, 100. The number of spores varies 



