242 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



surround Cape Cod Harbor, and t<> prevent the shifting of the sands, which would 

 otherwise cause greal damage by encroachment on valuable property. The botanical 

 and physiographical features of the region are described and an account given of a 

 natural reclamation as well as the artificial means which have been adopted for 

 binding the Cape sands. 



The artificial reclamation work has been carried on by private individuals, the 

 State <>f Massachusetts, and the General Government for nearly a century. The 

 most satisfactory results have been obtained where beach grass (Ammophila armaria) 

 was utilized, and since 1895 more than 200 acres have been planted to that species. 

 The methods and cost of planting are described and the peculiar efficiency of this 

 grass is pointed out. 



In order to permanently reclaim the district forest species will be required, and a 

 number of species of woody plants have already been tested with varying success. 

 The most promising are the pitch, Austrian, and Scotch pines. The black locust and 

 European or black alder are also proving of value, and the Scotch broom, although 

 not entirely hardy, is said to be well adapted to certain situations. 



Notes are given on the ownership of the lands and their value, and the report 

 concludes with a brief bibliography of the literature relating to the subject. 



FERTILIZERS. 



Manures, T. S. Dymond and F. Hughes (Essex Education Com., Notes Agr. Anal. 

 ( 'ounty Tech. Labs., 1904, pp- 15-22, 34-39). — Analyses of a large number of fertilizing 

 materials are reported and discussed. 



Report on experiments with green manures in Pomerania, D. Baessler 

 (Mitt. Dent. Landw. GeselL, 19 (1904), No. 32, pp. 205-207). 



Cooperative fertilizer experiments in Malmohus County, Sweden, during 

 1903, G. Nordin and M. Weibull (Malmo. Lans Kgl. Hush. Sallsk. Krart., 1904, 

 No. 1, pp. 1 '43-201). — The cooperative fertilizer experiments conducted under the 

 auspices of the Malmohus County Agricultural Society were continued during 1903, 

 80 different trials being made, viz, 26 with sugar beets, 5 with fodder beets and 

 potatoes, 5 with pastures, and 44 with barley, oats, wheat, and rye. The experi- 

 ments were conducted on 44 different farms, and were planned to ascertain the 

 economy of different practical systems of fertilization. The report gives detailed 

 information as to the different trials, including character and history of soils, fertil- 

 izers applied, data obtained at harvesting time, and the economy of the applications 

 of fertilizers. 



The highest returns were obtained from applications of nitrogenous fertilizers only 

 in about one-third of the number of trials, one-third gave the highest returns from 

 nitrogen and phosphoric acid, and nearly one-third from a complete fertilizer. In 

 96 per cent of the trials fertilization with nitrate was required (as in 1902), in 64 per 

 cent a phosphoric-acid fertilization, and in 36 per cent potash fertilization were 

 required (against 70 and 43 per cent, respectively, in 1902). Potatoes and root crops 

 gave the highest returns for the expenditure of fertilizers, then winter grains, and 

 least spring grains and hay. 



Fertilizer experiments with ]>c<tt Utter. — Three trials were conducted with peat litter 

 for the purpose of determining how it may best be supplemented with potash and 

 phosphoric acid. The results obtained during the year in which the fertilizers were 

 applied indicate that only soils in need of nitrogenous fertilizers are benefited by 

 applications of peat litter (1,500 kg. per hectare). Soils that call for applications of 

 phosphoric acid or potash, or both, besides nitrogen, require an addition of super- 

 phosphate or potash (or both) in order that the peat may give economical results. 

 At present prices of fertilizers it is not believed that peat litter will prove an economi- 

 cal fertilizer except perhaps on farms located in the vicinity of peat factories. 



