2<i() EXl'ERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



28, pp. 65-70). — Experiments wore carried out in 1901 to determine whether super. 

 phosphate or basic slag produced the better quality of turnips, and a repetition of 

 the work was made on ."> farms in 1902. The results of both years indicate that roots 

 manured with basic slag are better for feeding sheep than those grown with super- 

 phosphate. The slag crops were the lighter, but the deficiency in yield was more 

 than counterbalanced by the feeding quality. 



Nitrogen in wheat grains and their size in dependence on precipitation 

 and temperature, V. A. Kharchenko (Izv. Moscov Selsk. Khoz. Inst. [Ann. Inst. 

 Agron. Moscou], 9 {1903), No. 8, pp. 304-311). — The author examined 12 varieties 

 of wheat, 7 winter and 5 summer varieties, raised during the 5 years 1898-1902. He 

 found that the winter wheats contained less nitrogen than the summer wheats except 

 during the year 1898, when the winter wheat showed a higher percentage, this 

 exception being accounted for by the fact that in 1898 the winter crops were poor 

 while the summer wheats were good; that the greater the annual precipitation the 

 less the amount of nitrogen in the winter wheat; that there is a direct ratio between 

 the temperature and the percentage content of nitrogen in the winter wheat, i. e., 

 the hotter the summer the greater the nitrogen content, the anomalous year 1898 

 presenting again an exception. 



In general, the author's results are in agreement with those commonly found in 

 agricultural literature and are at variance with the contrary results recently pub- 

 lished by B. A. Vlasov. — p. fireman. 



Wheat in Canada, W. Saunders (Canad. Mag., 1.904, Apr.; abs. in Science, n. 

 ser., JO (1904), No. 501, p. 183). — Wheat from Dunvegan on Peace River, 414 miles 

 north of Winnipeg, weighed 64 lbs. per bushel. Ladago wheat from Fort Simpson, 

 818 miles north, weighed 62£ lbs. The period of growth varied from 101 to 108 days. 



HORTICULTURE. 



Report of the South Haven Substation for 1903, T. A. Farrand (Michigan 

 Shi. Spec. Bui. :.'?', )>p. 36). — The work here reported consists largely of the results of 

 tests in continuation of those previously reported (E. S. R., 15, p. 38) of a large 

 number of orchard, small fruits, and nuts grown at the South Haven Substation. A 

 heavy crop was secured during the year of European plums, and good average crops 

 of cherries, apples, and pears. Light crops were obtained of peaches, grapes, 

 quinces, and Japan plums. 



With a number of the fruits comparative experiments were made to determine the 

 relative value of dust and liquid sprays for the control of insects and diseases. A 

 thorough test was made of these 2 methods on apples and plums for curculio and 

 brown rot. Generally speaking, the cost of preparing and applying the dry Bor- 

 deaux mixture according to station methods was more expensive than liquid Bor- 

 deaux. The dry Bordeaux, however, could be applied in about one-third less time, 

 and upon very rolling, hilly locations one horse could do the work of 2 or 3. The 

 liquid spray could be used with or against the wind, while the dust spray could 

 not be used against the wind at all and was most effective when there was little or 

 no wind and the foliage was wet from dew or rain. In no instance did the dust stick 

 as well as the liquid spray. 



"Both methods gave excellent results in controlling the codling-moth worms in 

 apples, and dust spraying, using formula No. 1 [lye, sulphur, copper sulphate, and 

 Paris green], proved superior to Bordeaux mixture and arsenite of lime in controlling 

 the curculio in the plum orchard, and seemed to control the brown rot fully as well. 

 Upon very close observation it was found that the fine particles of dust would stick 

 to the waxy bloom of the fruit, while with liquid, unless very heavy with lime, the 

 solution would run off of the plums as though they had been greased. In summing 

 up the results obtained in this season's test, it would not seem advisable to change 



