HORTICULTURE. 265 



able with the color preferences as follows: Yellow, scarlet, green, brown. Fruit 

 which ripens during December or later brings the highest prices. 



Improving fruits by bud selection, A. T. Jordan (Amer. Agr., 74 (1904), No. 9, 

 p. 160} — A large number of instances are cited to show the variation in productive- 

 ness, earliness, and quality of a number of different trees of the same variety of fruit, 

 thus leading to the conclusion that propagation by budding should be done by 

 selecting buds from those trees only which show decided merit. 



Fruit without blossoms, W. F. Neheing and E. C. Johnston ( West. Fruit Grower, 

 15 ( 1904), No. 7, p. £). — The authors in separate articles cite several instances of apple 

 trees which bear fruit without blossoming. Mr. Nehring states that "seedless, core- 

 less, and bloomless apples are all one and the same thing, and have been known for 

 40 years or more." He gives the addresses of two gentlemen who can furnish buds 

 for grafting, and states that these trees must be planted among other trees to be 

 pollenized. 



The olive growers' convention at Sfax, Deloupy, Pouget, and Trabut (Le 

 concours oleicole de Sfax. Govt. Gen. Algeria, 1904, pp. 49, figs 28). — An account of 

 the olive industry at Sfax, with special reference to the manufacture of olive oil. 

 Descriptions and illustrations are given of much of the machinery used in the manu- 

 facture of oil. Notes on the preservation of olives, on the treatment of olives for the 

 prevention of certain diseases, etc., are included. 



Report of new fruits, W. T. Macoun ( Ontario Fruit Growers' Assoc. Rpt. 1903, 

 pp. 121-124, fig- 1) ■ — Descriptions are given of a number of varieties of seedling fruits 

 of pears, plums, peaches, grapes, and raspberries which have been sent to the author 

 for examination. An illustration is given showing some of Doctor Saunders' hybrids 

 from Pyrus baccata. 



New fruits, H. L. Hutt (Ontario Fruit Growers' Assoc. Rpt. 1903, pp. 118-120). — 

 The author describes a number of seedling apples, peaches, plums, and gooseberries 

 which are considered of merit. 



Influence of grafting on the posterity of the scion, Jurie (Jardin, 18 (1904), 

 No. 413, p. 221, figs. 2). — Seed saved from an eggplant grafted on the tomato pro- 

 duced a vegetable monstrosity, which is figured. This result is believed to suggest 

 asexual hybridity, and to indicate promising results for this method of hybridizing. 



Successful new grafts in 1904, L. Daniel (Jardin, 18 (1904), No. 419, p. 230).— 

 A list is given of successful grafts made during the season with 6 families of plants. 



Concerning the source of coffee, P. Guigues (Bui. Bel. Pharmacol., 5 (1903), 

 pp. 850-857; abs. in Ztschr. Untersuch. Nahr.- u. Genussmtl., 7 (1904), No. 9, p. 560). — 

 A descriptive article. 



Yerba mate, a substitute for coffee and tea, L. H. Ayme (Dept. Com. and 

 Labor, Mo. Consular Rpts. 1904, No. 286, pp. 56, 57). — An account is given of the 

 preparation and use in Brazil of the tea obtained from Ilex paraguayensis, known as 

 Yerba mate. It is believed that the peculiar bitter and smoky taste of Yerba mate 

 is due to present methods of curing the leaf, and that by the use of iron and copper 

 pans for drying a better quality of product can be secured. Mate is said to have all 

 the good qualities of coffee and tea as a mild, stimulating health beverage, without 

 the disadvantages of either. 



Tea manufacturing (Japan in the Beginning of the 20th Century. Tokyo: Imperial 

 Japanese Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition, 1904, pp. 151-158). — An 

 account of the history, present condition of the industry, the kinds of tea grown in 

 Japan, and the markets. 



A report by the controller of the experiment station, Peradeniya, H. 

 Wright (Circs, and Agr. Jour. Boy. Bot. Gard., Ceylon, 2 (1903), No. 4, PP- 93, 

 pis. 4). — This is the first annual report of this station and is devoted mainly to cacao. 

 The station contains about 150 acres and is densely covered with timber. The ground 

 has been platted and an inventory is given of the number and kinds of trees on each 



