ENTOMOLOGY. 279 



insect. It may be destroyed by subjecting infested wheat to a temperature of 60° C. 

 for an hour or by fumigation with carbon bisulphid. 



The Hessian fly, F. Desprez (Jour. Agr. Prat., n. ser., S (1904), No. 36, pp. 319, 

 320). — The injurious attacks of this insect are briefly noted, and an account is given 

 of its distribution. The usual remedies have been tried in controlling this just. 

 During the coining year it is proposed to make a further test for the purpose of 

 studying the resistance of various varieties of wheat toward the Hessian fly. 



Pebrine and related micro-sporidia, A. Lutz and A. Splendore (Cenlbl. Bait, 

 u. Par., 1. Alt.. Orig., ■'■>'> ( 1904), A". 5, pp. 645-650, pis. 2, fig. 1). — Species of Nosema 

 and related organisms were found by the authors as parasitic in a considerable 

 variety of insects. These organisms are described and notes are given on their life 

 history, distribution, and economic importance. 



The life history and treatment of a common palm scale, H. E. Hodgkiss 

 (Reprinted from Massachusetts Agr. Col. Rpt. 1904, pp. 12, ph. 2). — The life history 

 and appearance of Chrysornphalus dictyospermi are described, with notes on the 

 systematic position of this insect, its food plants, economic importance, and methods 

 of combating it. 



The author conducted a number of experiments in fumigating infested green- 

 houses with hydrocyanic-acid gas for the purpose of determining the proper quantity 

 of chemicals to be used. As a result of these experiments, it is recommended that 

 0.075 gram, or a maximum of 0.1 gram of cyanid of potash, be used per cubic foot of 

 space for a period varying from 20 to 40 minutes, according to the amount of chem- 

 ical used. Palms should be free from moisture, fumigated only after dark, and green- 

 houses should be properly ventilated after fumigation. 



The pineapple scale, D. L. Van Dine (Hawaiian Forester and Agr., 1 (1904), No. 

 5, pp. 111-114)- — Notes are given on the distribution and occurrence of Diaspis 

 bromelise. The natural enemies of this insect are considered to be of no importance 

 to the planter. For combating the pest the author recommends the use of kerosene 

 emulsion or resin wash. 



The mussel scale (Bd. Agr. and Fisheries [London], Leaflet 107, pp. 4, figs. 2). — 

 The mussel scale or oyster-shell bark-louse is described and insecticide applications 

 are recommended for its destruction. Notes are given on the preparation and use of 

 hydrocyanic-acid gas. 



Plant lice {Bd. Agr. and Fisheries [London], Leaflet 104, PP- 3). — A brief account 

 of the life history, occurrence, natural enemies, and artificial remedies of these pests. 



A Castilloa borer, II. N. Ridley (Agr. Bid. Straits and Federated Malay States, 2 

 (1903), No. 10, p. 322). — Young trees of the species Castilloa elastica are reported as 

 being greatly injured by a borer identified as Epepseoles luscus. The beetle is 

 described and notes are given on its habits. It flies by night. The grubs may be 

 destroyed in the trunks of the tree by means of curved wires and insecticides. 



Notes on two insects, W. Caetwright (Jour. Khediv. Agr. Soc. and School Agr., 

 6 (1904), No. 1, pp. 17-19). — The larvae of Trypela capitata were found injuring 

 oranges by feeding on the pulp of the fruit. In controlling this pest it is recom- 

 mended that fallen fruit be at once collected and destroyed and that the soil under 

 infested trees be treated with ferrous sulphate. The author observed considerable 

 injury to barley from the attacks of Ilylemyia coarctala. Stimulating fertilizers and 

 rolling of the ground are recommended in controlling the pest. 



The ichneumons of Great Britain, C. Morley (Plymouth: James JI. Keys, 

 1903, pp. LA-315, pi. 1, figs. 19). — It was felt that this group had not been considered 

 in a monographic form in Great Britain, and the present volume was therefore pre- 

 pared to supply the demand for such information. The various species are described 

 and notes are given on their habits, life history, and means of distribution. A 

 gloscary of technical terms is added to the volume, together with an index of syno- 

 nvms and a list of the hosts on which the ichneumons live. 



