CHEMISTRY. 



333 



on the addition of sulphuric acid, while the other sort became orange. ( lolor reaction 

 of oils is discussed at length. 



The estimation of soluble carbohydrates in foods, ( I. Benz ( Ztschr. Uritermch. 

 Nahr. u. Gemtssmtl., 7 (1904), No. 2, pp.89, 90). — A note on the estimation of soluble 

 carbohydrates. 



Concerning - the identification of different sorts of cinnamon, J. Hanus 

 ( Ztschr. Vhtersuch. Naikr. u. Genussmtl.,7 (1904), No. 11, pp. 669-672). — The importance 

 of estimating cinnamic aldehyde is spoken of from a number of standpoints. 



Report on general ■work in the chemical laboratory, C. A. Goess.maw (Mas- 

 sachusetts Sta. Itjit. 190S, pp. 98-104)- — A brief statement regarding miscellaneous 

 materials examined during the year, and notes on analyses of soils, ashes, Peruvian 

 guano, .sugar-beet refuse, and city garbage products. The sugar-beet refuse obtained 

 in the manufacture of alcohol from beet molasses contained 7. 7 per cent of water, 9.72 

 percent of potash | 8.36 per cent soluble), and 6.39 per cent of nitrogen (3.86 percent 

 in form of nitrate), but no phosphoric acid. The composition of the garbage tankage 

 and garbage ashes was as follows: 



Composition of garbage tankage mid ashes. 



Tankage. 



Ashes. 



| Per cent. 



Water 7. 42 



Potash ' None. 



Phosphoric acid I « 6. 06 



Nitrogen 5. 96 



/'< r ••' n!. 



3.01 



5.13 



8.77 



None. 



"Available 4.40 per cent. 



The tankage " was obtained by heating the selected garbage in vats under pressure 

 By this method the fats are recovered, and the organic nitrogenous matter is pre- 

 served for use as a nitrogen source in fertilizers. In this process, however, the 

 greater part of the potash and other salines are leached out. [The ashes] represent 

 the product obtained by the cremation of city garbage. In this material the nitrogen 

 has been sacrificed, but the potash is retained in the ashes." 



Methods and interpretation of water analysis, A. Robix (Amer. Jour. Pharm., 

 76 (1904), No. 3, pp. 101-116). — This article refers to the unreliability of chemical 

 data, and gives especial attention to methods of bacteriological examination, particu- 

 larly the interpretation of results. 



The technical analysis of water, W. E. Ridenoub (Amer. Jour. Pharm., 76 

 (1904), No. 3, pp. 121-125). — A scheme of analysis of water for technical purposes is 

 briefly described. 



The separation of calcium and magnesium, C. Stolbekc; (Ztschr. Angew. Chem., 

 17 (1904), pp. 741-744, 769-771; abs. in Chem. CentbL, 1904, II, No. 2, p. 152).— The 

 separation is effected as follows: Convert into sulphates and dissolve the magnesium 

 sulphate in water, add a mixture of methyl and ethyl alcohol (10 volume per cent 

 of the latter), which throws all calcium sulphate out of solution, the latter being 

 collected on a filter and weighed. Evaporate the alcoholic solution of magnesium 

 sulphate and weigh the residue. 



A eudiometric method for determining calcium, barium, strontium, and 

 potassium, and eudiometric and gravimetric methods for copper, E. Riegler 

 (Ztschr. Analyt. Hum., 43 (1904), No. 4, pp. 205-214). — The same principle on which 

 the method for ammonia already noted (E. S. R., 15, p. 8-46) is based is utilized in 

 these determinations, viz, the insolubility of the iodate of these elements in dilute 

 alcohol and the evolution of nitrogen when they are treated with hydrazin sulphate. 

 Tables for calculating the results from the volume of nitrogen evolved are given. 



