384 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



the stems and branches of a large number of fruit and forest trees, as well as various 

 shrubs, beinu particularly troublesome on sycamore, elm, hazel, apple, pear, and cur- 

 rant bushes. The fungus causing the attack seems to be Nectria cinndbarina. The 

 occurrence of the fungus may be noted by the bright coral-colored spots, and wher- 

 ever observed the diseased branches should be removed and burned. 



Report of the government botanist, Madras, ( '. A. Barber ( Dept. Agr., Madras 

 Presidency, Rpt. 1902-3, pp. 8-10).— A summary report is given of the investigations 

 carried on by the botanist, particular attention having been devoted to the "spike" 

 disease of sandalwood and the investigation of a serious pepper disease. So far no 

 parasites are recognized as causing the disease of sandalwood, and the disease of pep- 

 per can not be definitely attributed to any one cause. Both of these troubles are to 

 be the subject for further investigation. 



Canker disease of trees (Bid. Mens. O'ff. Renseignements Agr., 3 (1904), No. 8, pp. 

 921, 922). — A brief account is given of attacks of Nectria cinnabarina on a number of 

 species of trees. The characteristic growth of the fungus is described, and it is sug- 

 gested that for the prevention of the disease affected branches be cut out and all 

 diseased branches, as well as dead trees and shrubs, be burned. If the disease 

 appears in the nursery, all plants should be removed and burned. AVhere it occurs 

 on large trees, all wounds made by cutting out the fungus from trunk, branches, or 

 roots should be disinfected and coated with coal tar. As the fungus is able to develop 

 on branches which have been cut from the tree, it is necessary to remove all such 

 from about gardens, nurseries, etc. 



A disease of privet (Oklahoma Sta. Rpt. 1904, pp. 61, 62).— A brief account is 

 given of a fungus disease of privet which has caused considerable injury to hedges 

 in the vicinity of the station. The fungus attacks the stems, destroying the bark 

 and spreading over and around the stems, more or less girdling them. 



When such diseased plants are observed, it is recommended that they be cut out 

 and burned. If the hedge is badly damaged, it is believed best to remove it entirely, 

 as such diseased hedges are a menace to healthy ones in the neighborhood. Spray- 

 ing with Bordeaux mixture, especially in the spring about the time the buds are 

 expanding, will aid in protecting against attacks of the fungus. 



Thirteenth annual report of investigations for plant protection, 1903, 

 P. Sorauer and L. Reh (Arb. Dent. Landw. GeselL, 1904, No. 94, pp. XXXIII+ 

 £50). — Compiled notes are given of investigations by the authors and others regard- 

 ing various insect and fungus diseases, the material being arranged according to the 

 host plants. 



The vegetative life of cereal rusts, J. Eriksson and G. Tischler (A'. Svenska 

 Vetensk. Akad. Handl.,37 (1904), No. 6, pp. 1-19, ph. 3; abs. in Bot. Centbl., 95(1904), 

 No. 14, pp. 353-355). — A defense is given of the mycoplasma theory regarding rust 

 propagation (E. S. R., 14, p. 770). The authors describe their methods of investi- 

 gation and cite Pseudocommis ritis and Dendrophagus globosus as analogous in some of 

 their methods of growth. The various stages which they claim the mycoplasma 

 passes through until it develops in form for spreading the rust are described. 



Experiments -with heteroecious rust fungi, W. Tranzschel ( Centbl. Bait. u. 

 Par., 2. Abt., 11 (1904), No. 3, p. 106; abs. in Bot. Centbl., 95(1904), No. 9, p. 215).— 

 The author shows by means of experiments the association of Mcxdium leucospermum 

 with Ochropsora sorbi, of Puccinia polygoni amphibii with M. sanguinolendon, ami ./•.'. 

 trientalis with a Puccinia on Carex limosa, and also ,K. coruscans with the witch-broom 

 fungus Chrysoinyxa on Ledum palustre. 



A contribution to the life history of Ustilago violacea, R. Baar (Sitzber. 

 Deut. Naturw. Med. Ver. Bohmen, n. ser., 23(1903), pp. 276-282, figs. 6).— The results 

 of studies on Ustilago violacea or U. antherurum, as it is sometimes called, are given. 

 This fungus is known to attack the anthers of many species of Dianthus, Silene, and 



