FOODS NUTRITION. 58.S 



It was, of course, impossible to say whether or not the subject would have been in 

 a better condition on another diet, but the author considers it fair to conclude thai a 

 diet may be considered suitable to old age which contains protein enough to supply 

 the body demands and maintains the person in health throughout long periods, 

 requirements which the present diet evidently met. 



The amount of carbon dioxid excreted when muscular work is per- 

 formed, G. Koraen {Skand. Arch. Physiol., 16 ( 1904), No. 5-6, pp. 381 389). Con- 

 tinuing earlier work (E. S. R., 14, p. 789), the author was himself the subject <>f 

 experiments in which the muscular work was measured with specially constructed 

 apparatus, and the respiratory quotients determined in a respiration apparatus. 



It was found that both hunger and severe muscular work diminished the produc- 

 tion of carbon dioxid when work was performed as well as during rest, a change 

 which was not effected by a diet of fat. On the other hand, the use of sugar 

 increased the production of carbon dioxid to its normal amount when work was per- 

 formed. The observed data indicate that in hunger with a diet of fat the glycogen 

 content of the body is used up or reduced to a minimum, and hence muscular work 

 causes an increased cleavage of body fat. 



If the body has opportunity to accumulate more glycogen, it again takes part in 

 the metabolic processes in the same way as before. The amount of glycogen in the 

 body, therefore, plays a by no means unimportant role in the cleavage processes 

 brought about by muscular work, but how important the experiments reported do 

 not show. 



Factors affecting pancreatic digestion: pancreatic juice, kinase and tryp- 

 sin, antikinase, A. Dastre and II. Stassaxo {Arch. Internal. Physiol., 1 {1904), 

 No. 1, pp. 86-117, fig. 1). — From their experiments, the authors conclude that 3 

 bodies are concerned in pancreatic digestion, namely, kinase, inactive pancreatic 

 juice, and antikinase, and that each of these to a certain degree preserves its indi- 

 viduality. The use of antikinase for judging commercial trypsin and pancreatic 

 juice is spoken of. 



The periodical activity of the digestive apparatus when digestion is not 

 in progress, W. Boldireff ( Zentbl. Physiol., 18 ( 1904), No. K>, pp. 489-403. fig. l, dgms. 

 ..'). — From experiments with dogs with suitable fistulse a number of conclusions 

 were reached. It was found that the digestive apparatus was periodically active 

 when not employed in digesting, the periods of general activity regularly alternating 

 with periods of inactivity. The periods of activity were some 20 or 30 minutes, 

 and those of inactivity 1 hour and 30 minutes to 2 hours and 30 minutes. Rhythmic 

 movements of the stomach were also noted during periods of active digestion. 

 The character of the digestive juice secreted and other points are discussed. 



The form in which glycogen occurs in organs, H. LoEscncKE {Arch. Physiol. 

 [Pfluger], 102 {1904), No. 10-12, pp. 592-631). — According to the author's conclu- 

 sions there is no reason to suppose that glycogen occurs in the animal organs in 

 chemical combination. The investigations reported have to do with the possibility of 

 the complete extraction of glycogen with hot water.. 



Experiments on glucose formation in the organs of mammals, V. Portii.k 

 {Ann. Inst. Pasteur, 18 {1904), No. 10, pp. 633-643).— Experiments are reported 

 and discussed. When a sufficient amount of an antiseptic, as sodium fluorid, was 

 used the glucose was not produced under the experimental conditions from the 

 expressed juice of animal organs, though it was produced in the presence of chloro- 

 form without an antiseptic. 



Is albumin transformed into fat by simple maceration? A. Slosse {Arch. 

 Tnternat. Physiol., 1 I 1904), No. 2-3, pp. 348-3.58). — On the basis of experimental evi- 

 dence the conclusion is reached that macerated proteid substances in the presence of 

 an antiseptic do not exert any influence on the quantity of fat present. In the 



