VETERINARY SCIENCE AND PRACTICE. 827 



from farmers indicating the loss of cattle from infestation with (Esophagostoma infla- 

 lum. Infestation of native herds appears in nearly all cases to have come from west- 

 ern cattle. A number of outbreaks of the disease were traced to this source. 



The life history of the parasitic worm is not well known. The disease, however, 

 is mildly contagious. In all cases where the parasite was found in the contents of 

 the large intestines the embryonic stage of some worm was found in the mucous 

 membrane of the intestine but was not definitely identified as the larva of 'I', inflatum. 

 The disease is most prevalent among calves and yearlings and appears in its worst 

 form in winter, or when the cattle are on dry feed. The symptoms are loss of con- 

 dition, a progressive anemia accompanied usually with diarrhea in the later stages. 

 The appetite remains good. 



In treating the disease but little can be expected from the use of drugs. The 

 author recommends, however, that the feed should he placed in clean troughs and 

 racks and that the cattle should be watered from tanks. As a tonic it is recom- 

 mended that cattle he fed a mixture containing 2 lbs. sulphate of iron and 1 lb. sul- 

 phate of copper with every 10 lbs. of salt given to the cattle. 



Persian sheep and heart water, ('. P. Lounsbury (Agr. Jour. Cape Good Hope, 

 25 (1904), No. 2, pp. 175-186, figs. 3). — The Persian sheep bred in South Africa are 

 readily susceptible to heart water. They recover from the disease, however, with- 

 out serious illness, and thereafter possess a lii.irh degree of immunity. The virulence 

 of infection is not noticeably influenced by passing through these sheep. 



The breed is described in detail, and historical notes are given on its introduction 

 and distribution. Persian sheep are hardy and mature early. On these accounts 

 and on account of their resistance to heart water they have become a favorite breed 

 in South Africa. The disease known as heart water is associated with Amblyomma 

 hebra um, and notes are given on the life history of this tick. 



The cause of the unusual resisting power of Persian sheep to heart water is not 

 well understood, but appears to be inherent in the breed. Experiments were car- 

 ried out which showed that crossbred Persian sheep were equally resistant to an 

 infection sufficient to destroy goats or cattle within 24 hours. 



Gid in sheep (Jour. Bd. Agr. [London], 11 (1904), No. 5, pp. 294-296) .—The 

 symptoms of this disease are briefly noted. In preventing the distribution of the 

 tapeworm, which causes the disease, the author recommends that the heads of 

 affected sheep be destroyed and that all dogs employed in the care or management 

 of sheep be treated annually for worms. 



Death of horses as a result of infection with tapeworms, < Iraf ( Wchnschr. 

 Tierheilk. u. Viehzucht, 48 (1904 I, No. 2, pp. 661-663).— Notes are given on the effect 

 of infestation of horse,- with Taenia mamillana. This parasite appears in rare instances 

 to cause death as a result of chronic inflammation of the intestines and anemia. 



Calcium sulphid in the treatment of poll evil and fistulous withers, B. R. 

 Wilbur (Amer. Vet. Rev., 27 (1904), No. 12, pp. 1134-1139).— During the investiga- 

 tions reported in this paper 17 cases of poll evil and fistula were treated with calcium 

 sulphid. This drug was given internally in doses of 2 drams 3 times daily. During 

 the later stages of treatment as much as 2 oz. per day was given. The drug was 

 also applied locally to the affected parts. 



The use of calcium sulphid appeared to have no effect upon the pulse, respiration, 

 or temperature of the treated animals, when given in moderate dose.-. Larger doses 

 than 15 grains twice daily increase the discharge of pus and hinder the healing 

 process, while such doses also disturb the temperature and pulse. Calcium sulphid 

 applied locally increases the discharge of pus. Best results are obtained when the 

 drug is used alone. Small doses appear to lessen the discharge and prevent the 

 burrowing of the pus. Calcium sulphid may be best administered in a capsule. 



The infectious nature of anemia of horses, II. Vallee and Caere i Compt. 

 Rend. Acad. Sci. [Paris], 139 (1904), No. 4, pp. 331-333).— The authors have made 



