892 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



Insects injurious to cabbage, II. Garman ( Kentucky Sta. Bui. 114, pp. 15-47, 

 figs. 17). — On account of several reported rases of poisoning from eating sprayed cab- 

 bage, the author investigated this subject and found that apparently such poisoning 

 ha<l occurred. It was apparently due to carelessness in handling cabbage, however, 

 since experiments conducted by the author showed that cabbage may be sprayed for 

 the destruction of insects and so treated as not to be harmful to man. 



In these experiments Paris green, arsenate of lead, and lime-resin mixture con- 

 taining Paris green were used as insecticides. In general, 2 sprayings were less 

 effective than 4 applications in destroying cabbage insects. Over a month elapsed 

 after the last spraying before the cabbage was harvested. During this period the 

 outside leaves were eaten to some extent but the injury was of little importance. 

 The outer leaves were removed in the field and the cabbage was eaten by mem- 

 bers of the station staff without producing any harm. Chemical analyses showed 

 the poison to be present but in the merest trace. In 1903 a similar test was made 

 when no trace of the poisoning was found. 



Detailed descriptive, biological, and economic notes were given on the common 

 cabbage pests of Kentucky. The most important of these are imported cabbage 

 worm, cabbage looper, Evergestes rimosalis, cabbage plutella, harlequin cabbage bug, 

 cabbage aphis, and cabbage flea-beetle. 



Some common insects injurious to the apple, R. I. Smith {Georgia State Bd. 

 Kill. llul. 13, pp. 19, figs. 7). — Biological and economic notes on woolly aphis, apple- 

 tree borers, and codling moth, together with directions for sending insects by mail. 

 The remedies most successful against the insect pests discussed are mentioned in each 

 case. 



Apple aphis, E. Chuard and H. Faes (Chron. Agr. Canton Vaud, 17 {1004), No. 

 22, pp. 607, 60S). — This insect attacks apple and pear trees as well as a number of 

 related trees. Notes are given on the habits and life history of the pest. 



Apple maggot and other insects, Edith M. Patch and W. M. Munson (Maim 

 Sta. Bui. 109, pp. 167-184, pis. 3). — In this bulletin particular attention is given to a 

 description of the apple maggot in its different stages, an account of its life history, and 

 preventive measures which may be adopted in protecting apples against its attacks. 



Hogs or sheep in orchards are useful in destroying windfall apples infested with this 

 pest. All other infested fruits should be destroyed or utilized in such a manner as 

 to kill the apple maggots. Brief notes are given on other injurious insects observed 

 during 1904. Among these pests mention may be made of white-marked tussock- 

 moth, brown-tail moth, maple borer, alder blight, gall insects, etc. 



The fruit maggot (Trypeta ludens), A. L. Hekrera et al. (Bol. Com. Par. 

 Agr., 1 (1904), No. 1, pp. 30, pis. 5). — Notes are given on the habits, distribution, 

 life history, and means of combating this pest. The duration of the various stages 

 of the insect are briefly noted. There are believed to be 4 generations per year. 

 The remedies usually recommended for this pest are discussed. 



The codling moth in Michigan, R. H. Pettit (Michigan Sta. Bui. 222, pp. 77-91, 

 tigs. 3). — The observations reported in this bulletin cover a period of 2 seasons. 



The author attempted to obtain evidence regarding the number of broods of the 

 codling moth in Michigan. There appeared to be two, without any good evidence 

 of a third. An examination of infested apples on September 19 showed that about 

 19 per cent of the larva? entered at the calyx end of the apple, while in estimates 

 made during the succeeding season from 30 to 35 per cent of the larva? appear 

 to enter from the side of the apple. The application of Bordeaux mixture con- 

 taining Paris green at the rate of 4 oz. of Paris green per 40 gal. of water was quite 

 effective. 



An examination of apples on July 13 showed only 5 per cent to be infested. 

 Apple scab appeared to be checked somewhat by the treatment. Unsprayed trees 

 examined in the fall showed from 42.5 to 89.3 of the apples to be wormy. Since the 



