) 



DAIRY FARMING DAIRYING. 915 



to advancing lactation rather than to increase milk production. This* influence is 

 independent of the breed, age, and productiveness of cows and difficulty in milking, 



but is dependent upon the stage of lactation and the individual. 



The author does uot recommend the general introduction of the Eegelund met In id, 

 believing that only by very conscientious attendants and the utmosl care can success 

 be obtained, and that then the additional yield is not sufficient to pay the increased 

 cost. Furthermore, the contamination of milk by the Hegel und method is likely to 

 be much greater than by the ordinary method. 



The composition of milk and cream and their by-products, K. A. Pearson 

 ( Cornell Reading Coursefor Farmers, 5. ser., No.22,pp. 401-410, figs. 5). In addition 

 to general information on this subjeel this includes a method of standardizing milk 

 and cream. 



On the precipitin reaction of human and cows' lacto- and caseosera, S. 

 A.MBERG {Jour. Med. Research, 12 (1904), No. 3, pp. 841-858). — The precipitin reac- 

 tion of lactoserum and caseoserum obtained from rabbits by injecting milk and 

 casein solutions, respectively, was not found to depend upon the casein being in the 

 form of a calcium salt, nor upon the presence of a soluble inorganic calcium salt. 



Calcium chlorid accelerated the reaction in a manner not understood. No differ- 

 ence was observed in the behavior of lactoserum and caseoserum toward their cor- 

 responding milk, casein, or lactalbumin. There was no interreaction of cows' 

 lactoserum and caseoserum with human milk, casein, or lactalbumin, or vice versa. 



The susceptibility of putrefying and lactic-acid bacteria to poisons, 0. 

 Rahn ( Centbl. Bald. u. Par., ;. Ah(., 14 (1905), No. 1, pp. 21-25).— The resistance 

 of lactic-acid bacteria ami various species of putrefying micro-organisms including 

 Bacillus proteus, II. subtilis, B. mesentericus, B.fluorescens to mercury chlorid, copper 

 sulphate, formaldehyde, phenol, sodium benzoate, menthol, and other antiseptics 

 was studied. The culture media used were milk heated to 60 and 100° C, acid and 

 neutral whey, and bouillon with and without the addition of milk sugar. 



Contrary to results reported by Bokorny the author found that, on the whole, 

 molds and putrefying bacteria were more resistant to antiseptics than lactic-acid 

 bacteria. Sodium benzoate and menthol in milk formed exceptions to this state- 

 ment. In repeated tests mercuric chlorid, formaldehyde, boric acid, and salicylic 

 acid showed greater antiseptic properties in heated than in unheated milk, while 

 the reverse was true of copper sulphate, sodium benzoate, phenol, and menthol. 

 The reason lor this was not apparent. .Milk treated with copper sulphate regularly 

 became slimy instead of curdling, which was found due to a large actively motile 

 bacillus. 



It is considered worthy of note from a hygienic standpoint that molds and yeasts 

 were especially resistant to formaldehyde, since this substance has been recommended 

 as a preservative of milk for infants. 



Do the soluble proteids of milk possess specific bactericidal properties? 

 P. Sommerfeld I Centbl. Bakt. u. Par., 1. AbL, Orig.,87 I 1904), No. 5, pp. 716-721).— 

 Lactalbumin and lactoglobulin obtained by filtration were found to possess no specific 

 bactericidal action against typhoid and coli bacilli. 



Experiments with Fliegel's cotton filter, II. Tikmann {Milch '/An., S3 (1904), 

 No. ■'>!, />/'■ 805-807).— The author reports very favorably upon this cotton filter as 

 regards the removal of dirt from milk. A bacteriological study is to he made later. 



Milk control with the cooperation of veterinarians, Schuemacher {Deut. 

 Tierarzll. Wchnschr., 13 ( 1905 ), Nos. 4, pp. 87-40; 5, pp. 49-51).— The importance of a 

 well-regulated milk supply is critically discussed. Attention is called to the regula- 

 tions which prevail in various cities for guaranteeing a good quality of ordinary 

 market milk and milk for hospitals and the feeding of children. The subject is dis- 

 cussed from the standpoint of the benefits to he derived from the veterinary control 

 of the condition of the dairy cows and of the milk furnished for use. 



