1022 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



Blood ferments, A. Jollks (Munchen. Med. Wchnschr., 51 {1904), No. 47. pp. 

 208 -208''). -A systematic classification is proposed for the various ferments found 

 in blood. In the group of hydrolytie enzyms the author includes diastase, invertase, 

 lipase, emulsin, and urease. In addition to this group, 4 other groups of ferments in 

 the blood are recognized, viz, autolytic enzyms, coagulation enzyms, oxydases, and 

 katalase. Attention is called to the importance of a study of these-various substances 

 in Mood in determining the normal, physiological processes in animals, and also the 

 status of pathological conditions. It has been observed that the amount of katalase 

 in the blood is considerably diminished in cases of tuberculosis, nephritis, and 

 carcinoma. 



Studies in mammalian tubercle bacilli, III, T. Smith {Jour. Med. Research, 

 13 {1905), No. 3, pp. 253-30.0). — This paper contains the results of the author's 

 investigations along this line since 1898 at which time the differentiation of 2 races of 

 tubercle bacilli designated as bovine and human was announced. During this 

 period of 5 years the author's study has served to confirm his original position. 

 Various cultures of tubercle bacilli of human and bovine origin have been studied 

 and their effects upon rabbits and guinea pi,u r s have been tested. Two of the most 

 interesting cultures obtained wen- from the mesenteric glands of human patients. 

 One of these cultures conformed in all respects to the bovine type, while the other 

 evidently belonged to the human type of the bacilli. The lesions produced by these 

 2 types of organisms were very similar. Cultures obtained from cats showed some 

 differences in virulence and in morphology. A culture obtained from a dog most 

 closely resembled the human tubercle bacillus. 



In inoculation experiments the author found that .'! types of experimental disease 

 occurred in rabbits after inoculation with tubercle bacilli. One form is a rapidly 

 fatal disease produced by bovine bacilli in 2 or ■'! weeks and the second form is a 

 milder disease caused by human cultures. In these cases the animals live about 

 6 months longer than when inoculated with bovine bacilli. An intermediate type 

 also appears, but much more rarely. As a result of the author's extended and care- 

 ful study of the differences in morphology and virulence observed in tubercle bacilli 

 of various mammalian origin, it is concluded that the conception of the bovine and 

 human type of tubercle bacilli is strongly confirmed. Tubercle bacilli not distin- 

 guishable from the bo\ ine type are sometimes found in human beings. The 2 types 

 may be distinguished by the study of their action upon glycerin bouillon. The author 

 believes that mammals other than cattle are probably infected from cattle or man or 

 perhaps from both sources. 



Experiments concerning tuberculosis, II, E. A. de Schweinitz, M. Dorset, 

 and E. C. Schroeder ( U. S. Dept. Agr., Bureau of Animal Industry Bui. 52, pp. 31- 

 100, pis. .'<:). — The primary objects of the experiments reported in this part of Bulle- 

 tin 52 was to determine whether human tubercle bacilli are virulent for cattle, ho^s, 

 and monkeys. All cultures used in these experiments were isolated from guinea 

 pigs which hail previously been inoculated with material from cases of human and 

 bovine tuberculosis. Detailed clinical notes are given on the cases of human tuber- 

 culosis from which material was taken for inoculation. Ten hogs were inoculated 

 with human tuberculous material or pure cultures of the human tubercle bacillus and 

 these 10 animals were compared with another hog which was inoculated with bovine 

 tubercle bacilli. In these experiments it was found that of 3 cultures of tubercle 

 bacilli from children 1 was nonvirulent for hogs while the other 2 produced a gen- 

 eralized tuberculosis quite as severe as that caused by the bovine bacillus, death 

 taking place within from 28 to 60 days. 



Cattle were inoculated subcutaneously, intravenously, or intraabdominal^ and 

 some were fed or drenched with tuberculous material of human origin. Detailed 

 notes were given on each case inoculated by these different methods. No infection 

 was produced by human tubercle bacilli as a result of feeding or drenching, while 



