1068 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



Six varieties of durum wheat, YViM Goose, Medeah, Sorentina, Bart Tremenia, 

 Algiers, and Ontario, given in the decreasing order of productiveness, ranged in aver- 

 age yield for <» years from 4l'. 1 to 29 bu. per acre. Polish wheat in the average for 

 10 years yielded 22.1 bu. per acre as compared with 36.3 bu. for Wild Goose. For 3 

 years 3 principal varieties of ernmer gave on the average higher yields of straw and 

 much higher yields of grain than ."> leading varieties of spelt. The results of sow- 

 ing these 2 crops on differenl dates in 1903 and 1904 show that spelt requires early 

 sowing while emnier will also give good yields when sown from 2 to 3 weeks later 

 than spelt. 



Very ripe winter wheat used for seed gave a hitter yield of grain and straw than 

 wheat harvested at any one of 4 earlier stages of maturity. The average results for 

 several years were also in favor of Large plump seed, the use of 1.5 bu. of seed per 

 acre, sow ing on September 1 to 10 as compared with sowing from September 10 to 

 20, anil plowing under field peas as green manure as compared with plowing under 

 buckwheat and working the land as a hare fallow. Winter wheat seed grown 1,000 

 miles south of Guelph gave practically the same results for 2 years as home-grown 

 seed. On well-cultivated land there was little difference in the average yield of 16 

 tests in 8 years between drilling and broadcasting. In the average of 5 years' experi- 

 ments untreated wheat had 368 smut balls per pound, while wheat treated with 

 potassium sulphid, Milestone, and hot water had only 9, 2, and 1 smut balls, 

 respectively. 



Among the varieties of winter rye Mammoth and Common, and of spring rye 

 Dakota Mammoth, Prolific Spring, and Common were most productive. Silver Hull 

 buckwheal has given the best general results of several varieties under test. Based 

 on experiments during the past 15 years, the following varieties of field peas are 

 recommended: White Wonder for a very rich soil, Early Britain and New Canadian 

 Beauty for a soil of medium quality, and Prussian Blue and Tall White Marrowfat 

 for poor soils. The ravages of the pea weavil are discussed and methods for com- 

 bating the insect are described. 



The average yields for .'! years of the leading varieties of field beans were as follows: 

 White Wonder 21. S, IVarce Improved Tree 21.3, Burlingame Medium 20.8, Medium 

 or Navy 20.7, and Schofield 20.5 bu. per acre. Snowfiake produced the heaviest 

 grain, weighing 65.7 lbs. per bushel. Early Yellow soy bean proved to be a good 

 grain producer and the Medium Green a satisfactory fodder crop. Horse beans did 

 not give very satisfactory results and seemed to he unsuited for general cultivation 

 throughout Ontario. The grass pea for a period of 7 years has given an average yield 

 of 25.7 bu. of grain and 2.2 tons of straw per acre, but in 1904 it produced only 16.5 

 bu. Cowpeas have so far given unsatisfactory results. For 4 successive years hairy 

 vetches sown in the fall have given an average yield of 8.6 bu. of seed per acre the 

 following season. Alfalfa grown for seed production gave light yields in each of 

 years. Notes are also given on sorghum, millets, sunflowers, and flax grown for seed. 



For 5 years spring wheat, barley, oats, and peas were sown on 6 dates one week 

 apart, commencing as early as the land was dry enough for seeding. The greatest 

 average yield of grain per acre was produced by the spring wheat and by the barley 

 from the first, and by the oats and peas from the second date of sowing. The results 

 show that for every day's delay in the seeding after the first week was past in which 

 the seeding took place there was an average decrease of 56 lbs. of oats, 53 lbs. of 

 barley, '_".) Ihs. of spring wheat, and 2:! lbs. of peas per acre. Grains grown in mix- 

 tures for the production of o;rain and straw produced larger yields per acre than the 

 same grains grown separately. Of the different mixtures, oats and barley gave the 

 heaviest average yield of thrashed grain. A mixture of 1 bu. of oats and 1 bu. of 

 barley proved most, satisfactory. 



Of 2;! varieties of mangels tested for 5 years. Yellow Leviathan produced the 

 heaviest average yield, 34.16 tons per acre. Sixteen varieties gave an average of 



