FORESTRY. 1087 



The necessity of trees for the region is pointed out, and the results so far obtained 

 with Parkinsonia aculeata and Tamarix articulata indicate their value for such plant- 

 ing. Thus far about 900 acres of dunes have been bound together so as to prevent 

 further encroachment on oases embracing about 1,760 acres. The cost has been 

 about $8,500. 



The reforesting of cultivated lands, Werner hi; M erode bt ai.. {Jour. Soc 

 Cent. Ayr. Belg., 52 i 1905), No. •>', pp. 99-105). — A report is given of an investigation 

 by a special commission that was appointed to examine into the forestry conditions 

 of Belgium and especially the means to be adopted to secure the reforesting of areas 

 not suited to general agriculture. 



The results of the application of previous laws and subsidies are shown, and the 

 committee offers a number of suggestions for the still further extension of reforested 

 areas. These suggestions embrace an increase in the number of trained foresters, 

 subsidies, remission of taxes, better care of communal forests and means for their 

 extension, organization of forest conferences, establishment of government nurseries 

 where trees for planting can be secured in large numbers at low cost, etc 



Hybrid characters as expressed in the genus Catalpa, P. D. Pexhallow 

 (Ah*, in Science, n. ser., 21 (1905), No. 535, pp. 505, 506). — According to the author 

 a new hybrid catalpa was described by Professi >r Sargent in 1889 from Carthage, Mi >. . 

 which war attributed by him to a cross between Catalpa ksempferi and ( '. bignonioides. 

 This opinion was based largely on the fact that these two species flowered simulta- 

 neously, while the owner of the nursery believed that the hybrid was between 

 C. speciosa and C. bignonioides. 



The author has made an examination of typical material taken from the mature 

 stems of the hybrid and from each of the possible parents, and has recognized hybrid 

 characters in the vascular structure, which tend to establish the origin of this new 

 horticultural form. He claims that the hybrid characters show that it is a product 

 of a cross between ( '. ha mpft ri and C. bignonioides, as previously believed by Sargent. 

 The manifestation of the different characters is given at some length. 



The variability of Eucalyptus under cultivation, J. H. Maiden i Proc. Linn. 

 Soc. New South Wales, .-• pt. 8, pp. 887-903; abs. in Bot. CentbL, 98 (19 



Xo. 1, [i. ■')}. — Attention is called to the extreme variation in species of Eucalyptus 

 when grown under conditions of cultivation, and particularly the variations occurring 

 outside of Australia. In the paper reported a large number of cultivated variations 

 are described, many of which have been previously considered as independent spe- 

 cie-. The author has brought these together, and shows that they can not be con- 

 sidered as true species, but are merely the cultivated specimens of well-known forms. 



"Wattle bark t Queensland Agr. Jour., 15 (1904), No. 5, pp. 730-734). — A descrip- 

 tion is given of the growing Of wattle barks, or species of acacia, in New Zealand, 

 Natal, and elsewhere for the production of tan bark. 



In New Zealand, where the black wattle i Acacia decurrens) is the principal species 

 planted, more than 4,500 acres are devoted to artificial plantations. The cost of 

 planting and the net income are given, from which it appears that a net profit of 

 about $80 per acre can be expected. This is exclusive of taxes, interest on invest- 

 ment, and possible revenue from the wood. 



In the Natal plantations described, an estimate is made for the planting of 100 

 acres of black wattles, their care for 7 years, and the marketing of the bark and 



w 1. which is used for fuel. The net profit on investment is said to be about 



$50,000. This profit is based on a price of about $29 a ton for the bark and a valu- 

 ation of ."ill cents each for the trees as fuel. 



Notes on bastard logwood, B. C. Griexberg and W. J. Gies (Bui. Torrey Bot. 

 Club, 31 (1904), No. ;, /<//. 367-377, figs. .'; reprinted in West Indian Bui., 5 (1904), 

 X . — The authors have made a study of the different forms of log- 



wood to determine some of the differences between the commercial article and the 



