1088 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



form commonly known as bastard logwood. In a previous publication (E. S. R., 14, 

 p. 882) the opinion is expressed that the bastard logwood is a distinct variety or 

 subspecies of Hsematoxylon campechianum. 



The authors believe that the bastard logwood is simply a form of the usual species 

 with different physiological properties. The most significant fact shown by their 

 analyses of the heartwood of typical specimens of logwood was the low carbon content 

 of the poorer w 1, which may be due to the lower pigment content. No morpho- 

 logical differences were discernible in young seedlings of red logwood and bastard 

 logwood, and their experiments seem to indicate that the metabolism of the seed- 

 lings was essentially alike in both varieties. The chemical differences noted were 

 slight anil are probably due to differences in the amount of pigment deposited. 



■Extracts made with various solvents gave solutions of different colors and intensi- 

 ties, indicating the presence of at least two pigments in varying proportions, or a 

 pigment radical in different combinations. Aqueous extracts of the two varieties of 

 logwood gave different reactions to acids, alkalis, and other reagents. The differ- 

 ences noted are parallel to those observed between a fresh aqueous solution of 

 commercial logwood extract and the same solution after it had become discolored on 

 long standing. 



The production of coniferous timber, R. Anderson ( Trans. English Arbor. Soc, 

 6 (1904-5), pt. 1, pp. 69-72). — Notes are given on the production of Firms sylvestris in 

 < neat Britain, comparisons being drawn between the timber grown in that country 

 and the imported product. A description is also given of the Hauptsmoor forest in 

 Bavaria, in which Scotch pine is extensively cultivated. 



Coniferous trees for parks and gardens, E. Leplae (Her. Gen. Agron. [Louvain'], 

 13 (1904), No. 11-12, pp. 449-458). — Descriptions are given of a number of coniferous 

 trees, most of which are exotics, which are considered of sufficient promise to warrant 

 their extensive planting in parks and gardens in Belgium or similar regions. 



The formation and treatment from planting to maturity of a crop of larch, 

 R. J. Wyi.am ( Trans. English Arbor. Soc, 6 (1904-5), pt. 1, pp. 57-68).— Directions 

 are given for the formation of nurseries, nursery cultivation of the larch, its planting, 

 and subsequent treatment in the forest to produce a crop of timber under conditions 

 of economical management. 



The author states that larch when about 70 years old is in its most valuable and 

 solid state as timber, and if the crop is to be marketed as timber the trees should he 

 cut at about this aire. Notes are also given on the management of a larch plantation 

 foi- securing a supply of hop poles. 



Notes on the Japanese larch, H. Beevor and W. Someryille (Trans. English 

 Arbor. Soc, <! ( 1904-5), pt. 1, pp. 85-88). — The growth of the Japanese larch, as shown 

 by specimens planted in a number of places in Scotland and elsewhere, is indicated, 

 and the resistance of the trees to the larch canker is pointed out. While it is possi- 

 ble that under normal conditions this species may suffer from the larch disease, it is 

 believed to be considerably more resistant than the species commonly cultivated. 



Influence of tree planting upon the duty of water in irrigation, F. H. King 

 (Forestry and Trrig., 11 (1905), No. 2, pp. 61-71, fiy*. 4). — A report is made upon the 

 influence of wind-breaks upon vegetation, much of the information being drawn 

 from Wisconsin Station Bulletin 42 (E. S. R., 6, p. 622). In addition, a report is 

 given of the evaporation of water as influenced by wind-breaks and various cover 

 crops. 



In conclusion the author states that it is probable that, the losses of water by evap- 

 oration from fields in irrigated districts of the Western United States between April 

 1 and October 31 ranges from 1.57 in. to 50 in., and the maximum conservation of 

 soil moisture through wind-breaks is about 40 per cent, so that there would he a 

 protection amounting to from 0.63 in. to 20 in. due to the wind-breaks. 



