ENTOMOLOGY. 1099 



grapes, and other fruit. These insects are believed to be the chief cause of damage, 

 together with the green June bug {Allorhina nitida). 



The author carefully worked out the life history of these pests. The green June 

 bug may be combated by capturing the adult beetles. Poisoned baits and lantern 

 traps are of no service. Moles are believed to assist in destroying the larvae of this 

 pest. An examination of rotting peaches and plums generally showed the presence 

 of punctures in the skin due to tree crickets and June bugs. 



In a discussion of the economic relation of birds the author presents notes on a 

 number of common species. It appears that robins, catbirds, and mocking birds 

 feed extensively upon grapes. The stomach of a summer redbird, examined by the 

 author, contained nothing but insects. From a sentimental standpoint, the author 

 believes that nearly all birds are worthy of protection, but from the standpoint of 

 the entomologist it is probable that they do as much harm as good. 



The apple-tree measuring-worm (Ennomos subsignaria) differs from the canker- 

 worm, with which it is frequently confused. Both insects have been quite injurious 

 for several years in Kentucky. The apple-tree measuring-worm may be distin- 

 guished from the cankerworm from the fact that it pupates among leaves on the 

 trees and, therefore, after the moths have emerged, the empty pupa cases may be 

 observed. Notes are given on the life history of this pest. The adult is white and 

 may thus be distinguished from the cankerworm, which is gray. The best remedy 

 for both insects is found in spraying with Paris green and arsenate of lead. 



Report on the gypsy moth and the brown-tail moth, July, 1904, C. L. 

 Marlatt ( U. S. I)ej>t. Agr., Bureau of Entomology Circ. 58, j>p. 12, maps 2). — During 

 July, 1904, the author made a tour of the parts of New England infested by these 

 moths. The number of gypsy moths has been considerably reduced by the work of 

 the Massachusetts State Board of Agriculture, ami the area of infestation as observed 

 by the author was essentially the same as it was at the close of the work of the State. 



Brief notes are given on the general condition of colonies of gypsy moth in differ- 

 ent parts of Massachusetts; the only infestation known in the United States outside 

 of Massachusetts is in Providence, R. I. The author believes that the gypsy moth 

 may be successfully controlled by the application of the remedies recommended by 

 the Massachusetts State Board of Agriculture. Effective control requires concerted 

 action over the whole infested territory. It was suggested that national aid in 

 Massachusetts to the control of the gypsy moth might be directed to securing para- 

 sites and predaceous enemies of the gypsy moth in Europe. 



The brown-tail moth is generally distributed in the region of Boston, and being a 

 strong flier is spreading much more rapidly than the gypsy moth. The general trend 

 of distribution is northward, and the insect has been found in Maine, New Hamp- 

 shire, and even New Brunswick. 



Natural enemies of the fruit fly, C. P. Lounsbury {Agr. Jour. Cape Good 

 Hope, 26 (1905), No. 1, pp. 84-87). — Attention is called to the work of Compere in 

 searching for parasites of Ceratitis capitata. This traveler believes that he has found 

 an effective parasite which suppresses the insect in Brazil. The author intends to 

 secure specimens of the parasite and test their value, but does not expect much 

 assistance from the parasite in controlling the fruit fly. 



Experiments with caustic soda and some patent washes against the San 

 Jose scale, J. L. Phillips ( Virginia Sta. Bui. 152, pp. 61-67). — The experiments 

 reported in this bulletin were carried out as late as possible in the dormant season, 

 viz, during the latter part of April. Some applications were made in the fall and a 

 few during the summer. 



Caustic soda was tested in strengths of 1 lb. per 1 to <> gal. of water. It was found 

 that when a solution of caustic soda strong enough to destroy the San Jose scale was 

 used the trees were seriously injured. Similar results were obtained with Kilscale. 

 The insects were not seriously affected by this remedy, while a 10 per cent solution 



